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Antiviral drugs are a class of antimicrobials, a larger group which also includes antibiotic (also termed antibacterial), antifungal and antiparasitic drugs, [3] or antiviral drugs based on monoclonal antibodies. [4] Most antivirals are considered relatively harmless to the host, and therefore can be used to treat infections.
List of Antiviral Drugs Antiviral Use Manufacturer Component Type Year approved Abacavir: HIV: ViiV Healthcare: Nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) 1998 Acyclovir (Aciclovir) Herpes Simplex, chickenpox, [2] varicella zoster virus: GSK: guanosine analogue RTI 1981 Adefovir: Hepatitis B [3] Gilead Sciences RTI 2002 , 2003 ...
Remdesivir, sold under the brand name Veklury, [13] [15] is a broad-spectrum antiviral medication developed by the biopharmaceutical company Gilead Sciences. [16] It is administered via injection into a vein.
The drug has not been patent-protected in Thailand, the Philippines, Indonesia, and several other countries. [ 68 ] In 1999, the FDA approved oseltamivir phosphate for the treatment of influenza in adults [ 69 ] based on two double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials. [ 70 ]
Aciclovir was seen as the start of a new era in antiviral therapy, as it is extremely selective and low in cytotoxicity. [5] Since the discovery in the mid-1970s, it has been used as an effective drug for the treatment of infections caused by most known species of the herpesvirus family, including herpes simplex and varicella zoster viruses.
Bemnifosbuvir (AT-527, RO7496998) is an antiviral drug invented by Atea Pharmaceuticals and licensed to Roche for clinical development, a novel nucleotide analog prodrug originally developed for the treatment of hepatitis C.
This was important to the development of antiviral drugs – a key turning-point in the history of viral infections. [69] In 1983, Luc Montagnier (b. 1932) and his team at the Pasteur Institute in France first isolated the retrovirus now called HIV. [70] In 1989 Michael Houghton's team at Chiron Corporation discovered hepatitis C. [71]
Certain drugs are used prophylactically, that is they are used in uninfected individuals to guard against infection. [medical citation needed] Four licensed influenza antiviral agents are available in the United States: zanamivir, oseltamivir phosphate, peramivir, and baloxavir marboxil. [4] They are available through prescription only. [4]