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Most antivirals target specific viruses, while a broad-spectrum antiviral is effective against a wide range of viruses. [2] Antiviral drugs are a class of antimicrobials, a larger group which also includes antibiotic (also termed antibacterial), antifungal and antiparasitic drugs, [3] or antiviral drugs based on monoclonal antibodies. [4]
List of Antiviral Drugs Antiviral Use Manufacturer Component Type Year approved Abacavir: HIV: ViiV Healthcare: Nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) 1998 Acyclovir (Aciclovir) Herpes Simplex, chickenpox, [2] varicella zoster virus: GSK: guanosine analogue RTI 1981 Adefovir: Hepatitis B [3] Gilead Sciences RTI 2002 , 2003 ...
A drug combination targeting SARS-CoV-2, Paxlovid, was approved in December 2021 to treat COVID-19. [12] It is a combination of nirmatrelvir, a protease inhibitor targeted to the SARS-CoV-2 3C-like protease, and ritonavir, which inhibits the metabolism of nirmatrelvir, thereby prolonging its effect. [13]
This conditional early approval system has previously been used in Japan to accelerate the progression to market of other antiviral drugs targeting COVID-19, including remdesivir and molnupiravir. [12] In a study of 428 patients, viral load was reduced, but symptoms were not significantly reduced. [13]
Roche's Antiviral Drug Reduces Transmission Of Influenza Viruses, Late-Stage Study Shows. Vandana Singh. September 19, 2024 at 2:13 PM.
The HCV genome. NS5A in the bottom row, second from the right. Nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) inhibitors are direct acting antiviral agents (DAAs) that target viral proteins, and their development was a culmination of increased understanding of the viral life cycle combined with advances in drug discovery technology.
Because NS5A exerts functionally essential effects in regulation of viral replication, assembly and egress, it has been considered a potential drug target for antiviral therapeutic intervention. [1] [4] Indeed, small molecule drugs efficiently targeting NS5A displayed a much higher potency in controlling HCV infection than other drugs. [1]
[10] [11] A virus with Q151M complexed with the other four mutations becomes highly resistant to the above drugs, and is additionally resistant to lamivudine (3TC) and emtricitabine (FTC). [11] [12] The second mechanism is the excision or the hydrolytic removal of the incorporated drug or pyrophosphorolysis. This is a reverse of the polymerase ...
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