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Species of origin is designated with a three-letter prefix, e.g., hsa-miR-124 is a human (Homo sapiens) miRNA and oar-miR-124 is a sheep (Ovis aries) miRNA. Other common prefixes include "v" for viral (miRNA encoded by a viral genome) and "d" for Drosophila miRNA (a fruit fly commonly studied in genetic research).
let-7 was later identified in humans as the first human miRNA , and is highly conserved across many species. [3] [4] Dysregulation of let-7 contributes to cancer development in humans by preventing differentiation of cells, leaving them stuck in a stem-cell like state. [1] let-7 is therefore classified as a tumor suppressor.
miR-15a/16-1 deletion has been shown to accelerate the proliferation of both human and mouse B-cells through modulation of the expression of genes controlling cell cycle progression. [5] Studies have found the miR-15a/16-1 microRNA cluster to function as a tumour suppressor, with the oncogene BCL2 as its target. [6]
The RNase III Dicer is a critical member of RISC that initiates the RNA interference process by producing double-stranded siRNA or single-stranded miRNA. Enzymatic cleavage of dsRNA within the cell produces the short siRNA fragments of 21-23 nucleotides in length with a two-nucleotide 3' overhang.
Drosha is a Class 2 ribonuclease III enzyme [5] that in humans is encoded by the DROSHA (formerly RNASEN) gene. [6] [7] [8] It is the primary nuclease that executes the initiation step of miRNA processing in the nucleus.
MIRN21 was one of the first mammalian microRNAs identified. The mature miR-21 sequence is strongly conserved throughout evolution. The human microRNA-21 gene is located on plus strand of chromosome 17q23.2 (55273409–55273480) within a coding gene TMEM49 (also called vacuole membrane protein). Despite being located in intronic regions of a ...
n/a Ensembl ENSG00000207757 n/a UniProt n a n/a RefSeq (mRNA) n/a n/a RefSeq (protein) n/a n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 7: 100.09 – 100.09 Mb n/a PubMed search n/a Wikidata View/Edit Human MicroRNA 93 is a functional RNA and a microRNA that in humans is encoded by the MIR93 gene. Function The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70 ...
n/a Ensembl ENSG00000284357 n/a UniProt n a n/a RefSeq (mRNA) n/a n/a RefSeq (protein) n/a n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 9.15 – 9.15 Mb n/a PubMed search n/a Wikidata View/Edit Human MicroRNA 34a (miR-34a) is a microRNA that in humans is encoded by the MIR34A gene. Function microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20–24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene ...