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Valine ball and stick model spinning. Valine (symbol Val or V) [4] is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH 3 + form under biological conditions), an α-carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated −COO − form under biological conditions), and a side chain isopropyl group, making it a non-polar ...
Hypervalinemia is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder in which urinary and serum levels of the branched-chain amino acid valine are elevated, without related elevation of the branched-chain amino acids leucine and isoleucine. [2] [3] It is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme valine transaminase. [4]
A branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) is an amino acid having an aliphatic side-chain with a branch (a central carbon atom bound to three or more carbon atoms). Among the proteinogenic amino acids, there are three BCAAs: leucine, isoleucine, and valine. [1]
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In enzymology, a valine—tRNA ligase (EC 6.1.1.9) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. ATP + L-valine + tRNAVal AMP + diphosphate + L-valyl-tRNAVal The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, L-valine, and tRNA(Val), whereas its 3 products are AMP, diphosphate, and L-valyl-tRNA(Val).
Isovaline is an isomer of the common amino acid valine, with the position of one methyl group shifted slightly (from position 3 to position 2). The structure of isovaline is also somewhat similar to the amino acids GABA and glycine , the chief inhibitory neurotransmitters in the mammalian central nervous system .
Valine N-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.118, CYP79D1, CYP79D2) is an enzyme with systematic name L-valine,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (N-hydroxylating). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
In enzymology, a valine dehydrogenase (NADP +) (EC 1.4.1.8) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. L-valine + H 2 O + NADP + 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + NH 3 + NADPH + H +. The 3 substrates of this enzyme are L-valine, H 2 O, and NADP +, whereas its 4 products are 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate, NH 3, NADPH, and H +.