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Raw data is a relative term (see data), because even once raw data have been "cleaned" and processed by one team of researchers, another team may consider these processed data to be "raw data" for another stage of research. Raw data can be inputted to a computer program or used in manual procedures such as analyzing statistics from a survey.
Data science process flowchart from Doing Data Science, by Schutt & O'Neil (2013) Analysis refers to dividing a whole into its separate components for individual examination. [10] Data analysis is a process for obtaining raw data, and subsequently converting it into information useful for decision-making by users. [1]
Pandas – High-performance computing (HPC) data structures and data analysis tools for Python in Python and Cython (statsmodels, scikit-learn) Perl Data Language – Scientific computing with Perl; Ploticus – software for generating a variety of graphs from raw data; PSPP – A free software alternative to IBM SPSS Statistics
Data transformation (statistics) A scatterplot in which the areas of the sovereign states and dependent territories in the world are plotted on the vertical axis against their populations on the horizontal axis. The upper plot uses raw data. In the lower plot, both the area and population data have been transformed using the logarithm function.
Statistics (from German: Statistik, orig. "description of a state, a country" [ 1 ]) is the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data. [ 2 ] In applying statistics to a scientific, industrial, or social problem, it is conventional to begin with a statistical population or a ...
In common usage, data (/ ˈdeɪtə /, also US: / ˈdætə /) is a collection of discrete or continuous values that convey information, describing the quantity, quality, fact, statistics, other basic units of meaning, or simply sequences of symbols that may be further interpreted formally. A datum is an individual value in a collection of data.
In another usage in statistics, normalization refers to the creation of shifted and scaled versions of statistics, where the intention is that these normalized values allow the comparison of corresponding normalized values for different datasets in a way that eliminates the effects of certain gross influences, as in an anomaly time series.
Raw data: mean daily temperatures at the Paris-Montsouris weather station (France) from 1960/01/01 to 1960/02/29. Smoothed data with alpha factor = 0.1. In statistics and image processing , to smooth a data set is to create an approximating function that attempts to capture important patterns in the data, while leaving out noise or other fine ...