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Without diagnostic evaluation, the cause of underactive bladder is unclear, as there are multiple possible causes. UAB symptoms can accurately reflect impaired bladder emptying due either to DU or obstruction (normal or large storage volumes, elevated post-void residual volume), or can result from a sense of incomplete emptying of a hypersensitive bladder (small storage volumes, normal or ...
In older adults over 60 years in age, the detrusor muscle may cause issues in voiding the bladder, resulting in uncomfortable urinary retention. [ 5 ] The bladder also contains β 3 adrenergic receptors , and pharmacological agonists of this receptor are used to treat overactive bladder .
Prevalence increases with age. The prevalence of nocturia in older men is about 78%. Older men have a higher incidence of LUTS than older women. [25] Around one third of men will develop urinary tract (outflow) symptoms, of which the principal underlying cause is benign prostatic hyperplasia. [26]
In men, the condition is commonly associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (an enlarged prostate), which causes bladder outlet obstruction, a dysfunction of the detrusor muscle (muscle of the bladder), eventually causing overactive bladder syndrome, and the associated incontinence.
In the longer term, treatment depends on the cause. BPH may respond to alpha blocker and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor therapy, or surgically with prostatectomy or transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). [citation needed] Use of alpha-blockers can provide relief of urinary retention following de-catheterization for both men and women.
Bladder sphincter dyssynergia (also known as detrusor sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) (the ICS standard terminology agreed 1998) [1] and neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO)) is a consequence of a neurological pathology such as spinal injury [2] or multiple sclerosis [3] which disrupts central nervous system regulation of the micturition (urination) reflex resulting in dyscoordination of the ...
Catheters are preferred over externally-applied pressure (such as with hands) or straining of the abdomen, even when these methods succeed in completely emptying the bladder. Those techniques can elevate the pressure inside the detrusor muscle of the bladder and cause additional bladder dysfunction, or even rupture the bladder. [2]
In women, childbirth, obesity, and age can all be risk factors, especially by weakening the pelvic floor muscles. [6] In men, prostate surgery (prostatectomy, TURP, etc) and radiation therapy can damage the sphincter and cause stress incontinence. [7] Neurogenic bladder dysfunction can involve a malfunctioning urethral sphincter. [8]