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This can be resulted from an allergic reaction brought about when facing an Ala gene. IL-13 also binds to another receptor known as IL-13Rα2. [11] IL-13Rα2 (which is labelled as a decoy receptor) is derived from Th2 cells and is a pleotropic immune regulatory cytokine. [11] IL-13 has greater affinity (50-times) to IL-13Rα2 than to IL-13Ra1. [11]
Two mechanisms are involved in atopic dermatitis, one involves epidermal barrier disruptions, and the other one is cutaneous inflammation due to the immune system over response. Acute inflammation in AD typically involves IL-13, IL-4, and IL-33. [17] Consequently, inhibiting JAK1 results in suppressing the signaling cytokines IL-4, IL-3, and IL-31.
Lebrikizumab, sold under the brand name Ebglyss is a humanized monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (atopic eczema). [ 7 ] [ 8 ] It is an interleukin-13 antagonist. [ 7 ] It is given by subcutaneous injection .
Dupilumab, sold under the brand name Dupixent, is a monoclonal antibody blocking interleukin 4 and interleukin 13, used for allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis (eczema), asthma and nasal polyps which result in chronic sinusitis. [6] [7] [8] [4] It is also used for the treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis, [9] prurigo nodularis [10] and ...
Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is a protein that inhibits the synthesis of a number of cytokines, including IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-3, TNF, and GM-CSF produced by activated macrophages and by helper T cells. In structure, IL-10 is a protein of about 160 amino acids that contains four conserved cysteines involved in disulphide bonds. [33]
Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as atopic eczema, is a long-term type of inflammation of the skin. [2] Atopic dermatitis is also often called simply eczema but the same term is also used to refer to dermatitis, the larger group of skin conditions. [2] [5] Atopic dermatitis results in itchy, red, swollen, and cracked skin. [2]
human: CD25 (α chain of IL-2 receptor) B-cell Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia Camrelizumab [22] mab: humanized: PD-1: hepatocellular carcinoma: Canakinumab [43] Ilaris: mab: human: IL-1: Y: cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome, Yao's Syndrome, Adult Onset Still's Disease ...
[20] [21] IL-31 is a key cytokine at the pruritogenic receptors at neurons near the skin, and also induces peripheral blood mononuclear cells and keratinocytes to release pro-inflammatory cytokines. [16] Suppression of IL-4 and IL-13 causes a decrease of T h 2-cell differentiation, which plays a role in atopic dermatitis. [19]