Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Procaine, an ester anesthetic, is metabolized in the plasma by the enzyme pseudocholinesterase through hydrolysis into para-amino benzoic acid (PABA), which is then excreted by the kidneys into the urine. A 1% procaine injection has been recommended for the treatment of extravasation complications associated with venipuncture, steroids, and ...
Pseudocholinesterase deficiency results in delayed metabolism of only a few compounds of clinical significance, including the following: succinylcholine, mivacurium, procaine, heroin, and cocaine. Of these, its most clinically important substrate is the depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent, succinylcholine , which the pseudocholinesterase ...
It is a form of penicillin which is a salt of benzylpenicillin and the local anaesthetic agent procaine. [9] The salt has weak solubility, and is prepared as a suspension. Upon injection it forms a deposit within tissue (a "depot'), and the salt slowly dissolves into interstitial fluid - dissociating the two molecules into their bioactive forms over an extended pe
Many local anesthetics fall into two general chemical classes, amino esters (top) and amino amides (bottom). A local anesthetic (LA) is a medication that causes absence of all sensation (including pain) in a specific body part without loss of consciousness, [1] providing local anesthesia, as opposed to a general anesthetic, which eliminates all sensation in the entire body and causes ...
procaine: Novocain, borocaine (procaine borate), ethocaine 1904 (Alfred Einhorn) 1905 (Heinrich Braun) procainamide: proparacaine: proxymetacaine propoxycaine [16] Pyrrocaine [17] quinisocaine dimethisoquin [18] ropivacaine: Naropin 1957 (Ekenstam) 1997 trimecaine: Mesdicain, Mesocain, Mesokain tetracaine: amethocaine, Dicaine, Pontocaine
The epinephrine causes vasoconstriction which in turn reduces systemic distribution of the anesthetic as well as prolongs its action in addition to decreasing bleeding at the operating site. Lidocaine 2% with 1:100,000 adrenaline is the local anesthetic of choice in the treatment of pregnant women.
Structurally, amino esters consist of three molecular components: a lipophilic part (ester); an intermediate aliphatic chain; a hydrophilic part (amine); The chemical linkage between the lipophilic part and the intermediate chain can be of the amide-type or the ester-type, and is the general basis for the current classification of local anesthetics.
The effects are varied depending on the particular drug given. When anesthetists administer standard doses of these anesthetic drugs to a person with pseudocholinesterase deficiency, the patient experiences prolonged paralysis of the respiratory muscles, requiring an extended period of time during which the patient must be mechanically ventilated.