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The Cenozoic Era (/ ˌ s iː n ə ˈ z oʊ. ɪ k, ˌ s ɛ n-/ SEE-nə-ZOH-ik, SEN-ə-; [1] [2] lit. ' new life ') is Earth's current geological era, representing the last 66 million years of Earth's history. It is characterized by the dominance of mammals, insects, birds and angiosperms (flowering plants).
The geologic time scale is a way of representing deep time based on events that have occurred throughout Earth's history, a time span of about 4.54 ± 0.05 Ga (4.54 billion years). [3] It chronologically organises strata, and subsequently time, by observing fundamental changes in stratigraphy that correspond to major geological or ...
The earliest evidence for life on Earth includes: 3.8 billion-year-old biogenic hematite in a banded iron formation of the Nuvvuagittuq Greenstone Belt in Canada; [30] graphite in 3.7 billion-year-old metasedimentary rocks in western Greenland; [31] and microbial mat fossils in 3.48 billion-year-old sandstone in Western Australia.
It consists of three eras: The Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic, [105] and is the time when multi-cellular life greatly diversified into almost all the organisms known today. [147] The Paleozoic ("old life") era was the first and longest era of the Phanerozoic eon, lasting from 538.8 to 251.9 Ma. [105]
Era of Good Feelings (1817–1825) Second Party System (1824–1856) Jacksonian democracy (1825–1854) Civil War Era (1849–1865) Third Party System (1856–1896) Civil War Era (1849–1865) Reconstruction era (1865–1877) (Some of this time period is known as the "Old West".) Gilded Age (1877–1896) Fourth Party System (1896–1932 ...
The Paleogene (alternatively Palaeogene) Period is a unit of geologic time that began 66 and ended 23.03 Ma [10] and comprises the first part of the Cenozoic Era. This period consists of the Paleocene , Eocene and Oligocene Epochs.
The Eocene (IPA: / ˈ iː ə s iː n, ˈ iː oʊ-/ EE-ə-seen, EE-oh-[5] [6]) is a geological epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (Ma). It is the second epoch of the Paleogene Period in the modern Cenozoic Era.
c. 4,300 Ma – Nectarian Era begins on Earth. c. 4,250 Ma – Earliest evidence for life, based on unusually high amounts of light isotopes of carbon, a common sign of life, found in Earth's oldest mineral deposits located in the Jack Hills of Western Australia. [4] c. 4,100 Ma – Early Imbrian Era begins on Earth.