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When (mod ) an extended quadratic residue code is self-dual; otherwise it is equivalent but not equal to its dual. By the Gleason–Prange theorem (named for Andrew Gleason and Eugene Prange ), the automorphism group of an extended quadratic residue code has a subgroup which is isomorphic to either P S L 2 ( p ) {\displaystyle PSL_{2}(p)} or S ...
In field theory, a primitive element of a finite field GF(q) is a generator of the multiplicative group of the field. In other words, α ∈ GF(q) is called a primitive element if it is a primitive (q − 1) th root of unity in GF(q); this means that each non-zero element of GF(q) can be written as α i for some natural number i.
A code is defined to be equidistant if and only if there exists some constant d such that the distance between any two of the code's distinct codewords is equal to d. [4] In 1984 Arrigo Bonisoli determined the structure of linear one-weight codes over finite fields and proved that every equidistant linear code is a sequence of dual Hamming ...
In a polynomial code over () with code length and generator polynomial () of degree , there will be exactly code words. Indeed, by definition, p ( x ) {\displaystyle p(x)} is a code word if and only if it is of the form p ( x ) = g ( x ) ⋅ q ( x ) {\displaystyle p(x)=g(x)\cdot q(x)} , where q ( x ) {\displaystyle q(x)} (the quotient ) is of ...
Properly describing or enumerating the contents of a free object can be easy or difficult, depending on the particular algebraic object in question. For example, the free group in two generators is easily described. By contrast, little or nothing is known about the structure of free Heyting algebras in more than one generator. [1]
The farad (symbol: F) is the unit of electrical capacitance, the ability of a body to store an electrical charge, in the International System of Units (SI), equivalent to 1 coulomb per volt (C/V). [1] It is named after the English physicist Michael Faraday (1791–1867). In SI base units 1 F = 1 kg −1 ⋅m −2 ⋅s 4 ⋅A 2.
Type II codes are binary self-dual codes which are doubly even. Type III codes are ternary self-dual codes. Every codeword in a Type III code has Hamming weight divisible by 3. Type IV codes are self-dual codes over F 4. These are again even. Codes of types I, II, III, or IV exist only if the length n is a multiple of 2, 8, 4, or 2 respectively.
The generating function F for this transformation is of the third kind, = (,). To find F explicitly, use the equation for its derivative from the table above, =, and substitute the expression for P from equation , expressed in terms of p and Q:
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