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Lyme disease, also known as Lyme borreliosis, is a tick-borne disease caused by species of Borrelia bacteria, transmitted by blood-feeding ticks in the genus Ixodes. [4] [9] [10] The most common sign of infection is an expanding red rash, known as erythema migrans (EM), which appears at the site of the tick bite about a week afterwards. [1]
Updated June 1, 2018 at 8:40 AM It's tick season in parts of the United States. Lyme disease is caused by infected black-legged (or deer) ticks and symptoms of the disease may vary, depending on ...
About 30,000 cases of Lyme disease in the U.S. are reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention by state and local health departments each year. However, the CDC says that many more ...
Afzelius published his work 12 years later and speculated the rash came from the bite of an Ixodes tick, meningitic symptoms and signs in a number of cases and that both sexes were affected. This rash was known as erythema chronicum migrans, the skin rash found in early-stage Lyme disease. [18]
Neuroborreliosis is often preceded by the typical symptoms of Lyme disease, which include erythema migrans and flu-like symptoms such as fever and muscle aches. Neurologic symptoms of neuroborreliosis include the meningoradiculitis (which is more common in European patients), cranial nerve abnormalities, and altered mental status.
Borrelia species are grown in Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly medium. [5] Of 52 known species of Borrelia, 20 are members of the Lyme disease group (with an additional 3 proposed), [6] 29 belong to the relapsing fever group, and two are members of a genetically distinct third group typically found in reptiles. [4]
The first sign of about 80% of Lyme infections, typically one or two weeks after a tick bite, is usually an expanding rash that may be accompanied by headaches, body aches, fatigue, or fever. [9] In up to 10-15% of Lyme infections, facial palsy appears several weeks later, and may be the first sign of infection that is noticed, as the Lyme rash ...
[1] [2] [5] [6] Cases involving an erythema migrans rash, which is a classic feature of Lyme disease, have been reported, but are believed to likely be the result of co-infection with B. burgdorferi and the development of co-morbid Lyme disease. [2]
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