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Apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinomas first appear as small lumps associated with one of the anal sacs (rarely bilateral), but they can grow to a large size. Smaller tumors are undetectable without a rectal examination , while larger tumors can cause pain and straining to defecate.
The anal glands or anal sacs are small glands near the anus in many mammals. [1] They are situated in between the external anal sphincter muscle and internal anal sphincter muscle . [ 2 ] In non-human mammals, the secretions of the anal glands contain mostly volatile organic compounds with a strong odor, and they are thus functionally involved ...
Cats living in a smoker's household are three times more likely to develop lymphoma. [20] Compared to living in a smoke-free environment, cats exposed to passive smoking also have a greater chance of developing squamous cell carcinoma or mouth cancer. Cancer risk also arises from the cat's grooming habits.
Feline idiopathic cystitis begins as an acute non-obstructive episode and is self-limiting in about 85% of cases, resolving itself in a week. In approximately 15% of cases, it can escalate into an obstructive episode ("blocked cat") which can be life-threatening for a male cat. [5]
The most commonly affected breeds for adenomas are the Siberian Husky, Cocker Spaniel, Pekingese, and Samoyed; for adenocarcinomas the most commonly affected breeds are the Siberian Husky, Bulldog, and Alaskan Malamute. [4] Perianal gland tumors are located most commonly in the skin around the anus, but can also be found on the tail or groin.
However, about one-third of cats treated with chemotherapy will survive more than 2 years after diagnosis; a small number of these cats may be cured of their disease. Untreated, most cats with lymphoma die within 4–6 weeks. Most cats tolerate their chemotherapy well, and fewer than 5% have severe side effects.
Amanda explains: "These glands produce pheromones that convey information about the cat’s identity, reproductive status, and emotional state to other cats in the environment.
It is particularly used for infections of the skin, respiratory system and mammary glands in dogs and cats, as well as with urinary tract infections. For dogs, a dose ranges from 2.75 - 5.5 mg/kg once a day. The duration of treatment is usually at least five days, longer if there is a concurrent fungal or yeast infection. [4]