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The Anunnaki were believed to be the offspring of An and the earth goddess Ki. [2] Samuel Noah Kramer identifies Ki with the Sumerian mother goddess Ninhursag, stating that they were originally the same figure. [3] [4] The oldest of the Anunnaki was Enlil, the god of air [5] and chief god of the Sumerian pantheon. [6]
Anunnaki are chiefly mentioned in literary texts [24] and very little evidence to support the existence of any distinct cult of them has yet been unearthed [29] [24] due to the fact that each deity which could be regarded as a member of the Anunnaki had his or her own individual cult, separate from the others. [23]
Akkadian Paradise is described as a garden in the myth of Atrahasis where lower rank deities (the Igigi) are put to work digging a watercourse by the more senior deities (the Anunnaki). [3] When the gods, man-like, Bore the labour, carried the load, The gods' load was great, The toil grievous, the trouble excessive. The great Anunnaku, the Seven,
Enki (Sumerian: 𒀭𒂗𒆠 D EN-KI) is the Sumerian god of water, knowledge (), crafts (gašam), and creation (nudimmud), and one of the Anunnaki.He was later known as Ea (Akkadian: 𒀭𒂍𒀀) or Ae [5] in Akkadian (Assyrian-Babylonian) religion, and is identified by some scholars with Ia in Canaanite religion.
It is related how the helper of Adam Kadmon, the spirit of life, captured the evil archons, and fastened them to the firmament, or according to another account, flayed them, and formed the firmament from their skin, [23] and this conception is closely related to the other, though in this tradition the number (seven) of the archons is lost.
This being is considered not only blind, or ignorant of its own origins, but may, in addition, be evil; its name is also found in Judaism as the Angel of Death and in Christian demonology. This link to Judeo-Christian tradition leads to a further comparison with Satan. Another alternative title for the demiurge is "Saklas", Aramaic for "fool".
Judging by the number of copies found in the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Book of Enoch was widely read during the Second Temple period.Today, the Ethiopic Beta Israel community of Haymanot Jews is the only Jewish group that accepts the Book of Enoch as canonical and still preserves it in its liturgical language of Geʽez, where it plays a central role in worship. [6]
The spirit identified by the Akkadians as “Rabisu” is not an inherently evil spirit. Despite the Hebrew Bible referring to demons as evil by nature, the demonology expressed by the Akkadians suggests that Rabisu, rather than being an entity of evil, was an entity with no particular moral implications. Rather, the Rabisu was a spirit sent ...