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  2. Radiometric dating - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiometric_dating

    Radiometric dating of minerals and rocks was pioneered by Ernest Rutherford (1906) and Bertram Boltwood (1907). [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Radiometric dating is now the principal source of information about the absolute age of rocks and other geological features , including the age of fossilized life forms or the age of Earth itself, and can also be used to ...

  3. Rubidium–strontium dating - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubidium–strontium_dating

    The rubidium–strontium dating method (Rb–Sr) is a radiometric dating technique, used by scientists to determine the age of rocks and minerals from their content of specific isotopes of rubidium (87 Rb) and strontium (87 Sr, 86 Sr). One of the two naturally occurring isotopes of rubidium, 87 Rb, decays to 87 Sr with a half-life of 49.

  4. Isochron dating - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isochron_dating

    Isochron dating is a common technique of radiometric dating and is applied to date certain events, such as crystallization, metamorphism, shock events, and differentiation of precursor melts, in the history of rocks. Isochron dating can be further separated into mineral isochron dating and whole rock isochron dating; both techniques are applied ...

  5. Surface exposure dating - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_exposure_dating

    Surface exposure dating is a collection of geochronological techniques for estimating the length of time that a rock has been exposed at or near Earth's surface. Surface exposure dating is used to date glacial advances and retreats, erosion history, lava flows, meteorite impacts, rock slides, fault scarps, cave development, and other geological events.

  6. Thermochronology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermochronology

    Because the 40 Ar is able to escape in liquids, such as molten rock, but accumulates when the rock solidifies, or recrystallizes, geologists are able to measure the time since recrystallization by looking at the ratio of the amount of 40 Ar that has accumulated to the 40 K remaining. [9] The age can be found by knowing the half-life of ...

  7. Geochronology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geochronology

    [2] [3] [4] Two or more radiometric methods can be used in concert to achieve more robust results. [5] Most radiometric methods are suitable for geological time only, but some such as the radiocarbon method and the 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating method can be extended into the time of early human life [6] and into recorded history. [7]

  8. Argon–argon dating - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argon–argon_dating

    Argon–argon (or 40 Ar/ 39 Ar) dating is a radiometric dating method invented to supersede potassium–argon (K/Ar) dating in accuracy. The older method required splitting samples into two for separate potassium and argon measurements, while the newer method requires only one rock fragment or mineral grain and uses a single measurement of argon isotopes.

  9. Absolute dating - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_dating

    Other radiometric dating techniques are available for earlier periods. One of the most widely used is potassium–argon dating (K–Ar dating). Potassium-40 is a radioactive isotope of potassium that decays into argon-40. The half-life of potassium-40 is 1.3 billion years, far longer than that of carbon-14, allowing much older samples to be dated.