Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
A practical grammar: In which words, phrases & sentences are classified according to their offices and their various relationships to each another. Cincinnati: H. W. Barnes & Company. Reed, A. and B. Kellogg (1877). Higher Lessons in English. Reed, A. and B. Kellogg (1896). Graded Lessons in English: An Elementary English Grammar. ISBN 1-4142 ...
The ICA for a given sentence is arrived at usually by way of constituency tests. Constituency tests (e.g. topicalization, clefting, pseudoclefting, pro-form substitution, answer ellipsis, passivization, omission, coordination, etc.) identify the constituents, large and small, of English sentences. Two illustrations of the manner in which ...
This sentence suggests that the definite article the is a constituent in the test sentence. Regarding the test sentence, however, the omission test is very limited in its ability to identify constituents, since the strings that one wants to check do not appear optionally. Therefore, the test sentence is adapted to better illustrate the omission ...
For example, the sentences "Pat loves Chris" and "Chris is loved by Pat" mean roughly the same thing and use similar words. Some linguists, Chomsky in particular, have tried to account for this similarity by positing that these two sentences are distinct surface forms that derive from a common (or very similar [1]) deep structure.
The representation of a grammar is a set of syntax diagrams. Each diagram defines a "nonterminal" stage in a process. There is a main diagram which defines the language in the following way: to belong to the language, a word must describe a path in the main diagram. Each diagram has an entry point and an end point.
This sentence involves the following five PSRs: S → NP VP; NP → Det N (the man) NP → N (linguistics) AdvP → Adv (enthusiastically) VP → V NP AdvP (studies linguistics enthusiastically) With a tree diagram, the sentence's structure can be depicted as in Figure 1. Figure 1
S for sentence, the top-level structure in this example. NP for noun phrase. The first (leftmost) NP, a single noun John, serves as the subject of the sentence. The second one is the object of the sentence. VP for verb phrase, which serves as the predicate. V for verb; in this case, it's the transitive verb hit.
Beginning with the sentence symbol S, and applying the phrase structure rules successively, finally applying replacement rules to substitute actual words for the abstract symbols, it is possible to generate many proper sentences of English (or whichever language the rules are specified for).