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Opponents of such definitions argue that the definitions disregard violence against men and that the term gender, as used in gender-based violence, only refers to women. Other critics argue that employing the term gender in this particular way introduces notions of inferiority and subordination for femininity and superiority for masculinity.
In 2019 the multi-year theme of Ending Gender-Based Violence in the World of Work was launched to support ratification of ILO C190. [28] 2020 continued the ILO C190 multi-year theme of Ending GBV in the World of Work with a special focus on informal women workers who were most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. [29]
Gender-based violence refers to any kind of violence directed against people due to their gender or gender identification, culture may have a role to play, being lower in egalitarianism societies and higher in patriarchal, misogynistic societies.
Support for contraception is based on views such as reproductive rights, women's rights, and the necessity to prevent child abandonment and child poverty. [43] [44] The World Health Organization states that "By preventing unintended pregnancy, family planning /contraception prevents deaths of mothers and children". [43]
School-related gender-based violence (SRGBV) can be defined as acts or threats of sexual, physical or psychological violence happening in and around schools. This type of violence is due to gender norms and stereotypes. It can include verbal abuse, bullying, sexual abuse, harassment and other types of violence. SRGBV is widely spread around the ...
Pregnancy-promoting behavior of abusive male partners is one method of domestic violence and is associated with unwanted pregnancy, particularly in adolescents. [7] Reproductive coercion itself is a form of domestic violence because it results from unwanted sexual activity and hinders a woman's ability to control her body.
Research has stressed the importance of encouraging nurturing, with better and more gender balanced parenting, to prevent sexual violence. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] At the same time, Schwartz [ 9 ] has developed a prevention model that adopts a developmental approach, with interventions before birth, during childhood and in adolescence and young adulthood.
It is possible for individuals to be targeted based on sexual orientation or gender-exhibiting behaviour. Such attacks, which are often called " corrective rapes " have been performed to conform an individual to a heterosexual orientation or to more accepted notions of behaviour for the perceived gender of the victim; asexual individuals are ...