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A mathematical symbol is a figure or a combination of figures that is used to represent a mathematical object, an action on mathematical objects, a relation between mathematical objects, or for structuring the other symbols that occur in a formula.
Greek letters are used in mathematics, science, engineering, and other areas where mathematical notation is used as symbols for constants, special functions, and also conventionally for variables representing certain quantities.
Ø (or minuscule: ø) is a letter used in the Danish, Norwegian, Faroese, and Southern Sámi languages. It is mostly used to represent the mid front rounded vowels, such as [] ⓘ and [] ⓘ, except for Southern Sámi where it is used as an [oe] diphthong.
The nabla is a triangular symbol resembling an inverted Greek delta: [1] or ∇. The name comes, by reason of the symbol's shape, from the Hellenistic Greek word νάβλα for a Phoenician harp, [2] [3] and was suggested by the encyclopedist William Robertson Smith in an 1870 letter to Peter Guthrie Tait.
The integral symbol is U+222B ∫ INTEGRAL in Unicode [5] and \int in LaTeX.In HTML, it is written as ∫ (hexadecimal), ∫ and ∫ (named entity).. The original IBM PC code page 437 character set included a couple of characters ⌠,⎮ and ⌡ (codes 244 and 245 respectively) to build the integral symbol.
According to Florian Cajori in A History of Mathematical Notations, Johann Rahn used both the therefore and because signs to mean "therefore"; in the German edition of Teutsche Algebra (1659) the therefore sign was prevalent with the modern meaning, but in the 1668 English edition Rahn used the because sign more often to mean "therefore".
In geometry, a diameter of a circle is any straight line segment that passes through the centre of the circle and whose endpoints lie on the circle. It can also be defined as the longest chord of the circle.
When rectified, the curve gives a straight line segment with the same length as the curve's arc length. Arc length s of a logarithmic spiral as a function of its parameter θ.