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The Church of Scotland (CoS; Scots: The Kirk o Scotland; Scottish Gaelic: Eaglais na h-Alba) is a Presbyterian denomination of Christianity that holds the status of the national church in Scotland. It is one of the country's largest, having 259,200 members in 2023.
Presbyterianism is a Reformed (Calvinist) Protestant tradition named for its form of church government by representative assemblies of elders. [2] Though other Reformed churches are structurally similar, the word Presbyterian is applied to churches that trace their roots to the Church of Scotland or to English Dissenter groups that were formed during the English Civil War.
The Church of Scotland has a Presbyterian structure, which means it is organised under a hierarchy of courts. Traditionally there were four levels of courts: the Kirk Session (at congregational level), the Presbytery (at local area level), the Synod (at a regional level) and the General Assembly (the Church's highest court).
M. M. R. D. Meek; Ramsay MacDonald; James Mackay, Baron Mackay of Clashfern; Isabella Gordon Mackay; Anna Mackenzie; John Macmurray; Patrick Hume, 1st Earl of Marchmont
The 16th century Scottish Reformation resulted in the creation of a reformed Church of Scotland, informally known as the Kirk, which was Presbyterian in structure, and Calvinist in doctrine. In December 1557, it became the state church of Scotland, and in 1560, the Parliament of Scotland adopted the Scots Confession which rejected many Catholic ...
The founding date of the Free Presbyterian Church of Scotland can be traced to 25 May 1893, when Rev. Donald MacFarlane (1834–1926), who was the Free Church of Scotland minister of Raasay, walked out of the General Assembly in protest.
The Relief Church (or Presbytery of Relief) was a Scottish Presbyterian denomination founded in 1761. [1] In 1847 it united with the United Secession Church to form the United Presbyterian Church of Scotland. In relation to the history of the Church of Scotland it is known as the Second Secession, relating to the First Secession of 1733.
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