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The Iraqi Turkmen (also spelled as Turkoman and Turcoman; Turkish: Irak Türkmenleri عراق توركمنلری), also referred to as Iraqi Turks, [12] [13] Turkish-Iraqis, [14] the Turkish minority in Iraq, [13] and the Iraqi-Turkish minority [15] (Arabic: تركمان العراق, romanized: Turkumān al-ʻIrāq; Turkish: Irak Türkleri عراق توركلری, Kurdish: تورکمانی ...
The Iraqi Turkmen genocide refers to the series of killings, rapes, executions, expulsions, and sexual slavery of Iraqi Turkmen in Islamic State-controlled territory. [2] It began when IS captured Iraqi Turkmen lands in 2014 and it continued until IS lost all of their land in Iraq.
The largest minority group in Iraq is the Kurds, with Turkmen following shortly after. Prior to the 2003 invasion of Iraq , Assyrians constituted a sizeable population of 1.5 million, and belonged to various different churches such as the Assyrian Church of the East , Chaldean Catholic Church , and the Syriac Orthodox / Catholic Churches.
The major modern Turkmen tribes are Teke, Yomut, Ersari, Chowdur, Gokleng, and Saryk. [1] [2] The most numerous are the Teke.[3]The origin of all of these tribes is traced to 24 ancient Oghuz tribes, among which the Salur tribe played a prominent role as its people are considered the ancestors of modern Turkmen tribes such as Teke, Yomut and Ersari.
Turkmen familiarity with the Kurds, their own uprisings, and other aspects such as being disregarded by the Baathist Iraqi government and generally disliked due to their Ottoman heritage played a central role for the reason the Saddam regime wanted to eradicate the Turkmens in his pan-Arabist Iraq. Saddam Hussein loyalist saw this as a threat ...
The Iraqi Turkmen/Turkomans generally consider several major cities, and small districts associated with these cities, as part of their homeland. [7] The major cities claimed to be a part of Turkmeneli, in a north-to-south order, include: Mosul, Erbil, Kirkuk, Tuz Khurmatu (maybe sometimes even Tikrit) and Tal Afar, Sancar Altun Kupri, Kifri, Khanaqin, Kizil Ribat, Bakuba and Mendeli. [7]
Tribes are led by sheikhs (شيخ sheykh) who represent the tribe and deal with its domestic affairs. Due to the large sizes of Iraq's tribes, an individual may belong to the Shammar tribe, but also the Aslam branch within the same tribe, and therefore can identify with both. There are hundreds of Arab tribes across Iraq from the north to the ...
These Turkmen tribes played a significant role in the ethnic formation of such peoples as Anatolian Turks, Turkmens of Iraq, and Syria, as well as the Turkic population of Iran and Azerbaijan. [ 15 ] [ 16 ] [ 17 ] To preserve their independence, those tribes that remained in Turkmenistan were united in military alliances, although remnants of ...