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  2. Ahmed I - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmed_I

    Ahmed I (Ottoman Turkish: احمد اول Aḥmed-i evvel; Turkish: I. Ahmed; 18 April 1590 – 22 November 1617) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1603 to 1617. . Ahmed's reign is noteworthy for marking the first breach in the Ottoman tradition of royal fratricide; henceforth, Ottoman rulers would no longer systematically execute their brothers upon accession to the thro

  3. List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sultans_of_the...

    Ottoman Imperial Standard Family tree Ottoman Empire in 1683, at the height of its territorial expansion in Europe. The sultans of the Ottoman Empire (Turkish: Osmanlı padişahları), who were all members of the Ottoman dynasty (House of Osman), ruled over the transcontinental empire from its perceived inception in 1299 to its dissolution in 1922.

  4. Kafes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kafes

    The apartments of the Crown Prince in the Topkapı Palace, which was also called kafes. The Kafes (Ottoman Turkish: قفس, romanized: kafes, from Arabic: قفص), literally "cage", was the part of the Imperial Harem of the Ottoman Palace where possible successors to the throne were kept under a form of house-arrest and constant surveillance by the palace guards.

  5. List of Ottoman imperial consorts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Ottoman_imperial...

    Sultan (سلطان) is a word of Arabic origin, originally meaning "authority" or "dominion". By the beginning of the 16th century, the title of sultan, carried by both men and women of the Ottoman dynasty, was replacing other titles by which prominent members of the imperial family had been known (notably hatun for women and bey for men), with imperial women carrying the title of "Sultan ...

  6. Ottoman–Safavid war (1603–1612) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottoman–Safavid_War_(1603...

    The Ottoman–Safavid war of 1603–1612 consisted of two wars between Safavid Iran under Shah Abbas I and the Ottoman Empire under Mehmed III and his son Ahmed I.The first war began in 1603 and ended with a Safavid victory in 1612, when they regained and reestablished their suzerainty over the Caucasus and Western Iran, which had been lost at the Treaty of Constantinople in 1590.

  7. Osman I - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osman_I

    Some scholars have argued that Osman's original name was Turkish, probably Atman or Ataman, and was only later changed to ʿOsmān, of Arabic origin.The earliest Byzantine sources, including Osman's contemporary and Greek historian George Pachymeres, spell his name as Ἀτουμάν (Atouman) or Ἀτμάν (Atman), whereas Greek sources regularly render both the Arabic form ʿUthmān and the ...

  8. Mehmed II - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehmed_II

    The Ottoman Empire at the beginning of Mehmed II's second reign Roumeli Hissar Castle, built by Sultan Mehmed II between 1451 and 1452, before the Fall of Constantinople [12] When Mehmed II ascended the throne again in 1451, he devoted himself to strengthening the Ottoman navy and made preparations for an attack on Constantinople.

  9. Handan Sultan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handan_Sultan

    Handan Sultan (Ottoman Turkish: خندان سلطان, "smiling"; c. 1565/1568 - 9 November 1605) was a consort of Ottoman Sultan Mehmed III, and mother and Valide Sultan to their son Sultan Ahmed I. She acted as de facto ruler during her tenure from 1603 to 1605.