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An imperial fluid ounce is 1 ⁄ 20 of an imperial pint, 1 ⁄ 160 of an imperial gallon, or exactly 28.4130625 mL. A US customary fluid ounce is 1 ⁄ 16 of a US liquid pint, 1 ⁄ 128 of a US gallon, or exactly 29.5735295625 mL, making it about 4.084% larger than the imperial fluid ounce. A US food labeling fluid ounce is exactly 30 mL.
Thus, while the imperial fluid ounce is 3.924% smaller than the US fluid ounce, the imperial gallon, quart, pint and gill are all 20.095% larger than their US fluid measure counterparts. [e] One avoirdupois ounce of water has an approximate volume of one imperial fluid ounce at 62 °F (16.67 °C) [f]: this convenient fluid ounce to avoirdupois ...
BPV – back pressure valve (goes on the end of coiled tubing a drill pipe tool strings to prevent fluid flow in the wrong direction) BQL – B/QL log; BRPLG – bridge plug log; BRT – below rotary table (used as a datum for depths in a well) BS – bend stiffener; BS – bumper sub; BS – booster station
Crude oil is classified as light, medium, or heavy according to its measured API gravity. Light crude oil has an API gravity higher than 31.1° (i.e., less than 870 kg/m 3) Medium oil has an API gravity between 22.3 and 31.1° (i.e., 870 to 920 kg/m 3) Heavy crude oil has an API gravity below 22.3° (i.e., 920 to 1000 kg/m 3)
In the oil industry, mud weight is the density of the drilling fluid and is normally measured in pounds per gallon (lb/gal) (ppg) or pound cubic feet (pcf) . [1] In the field it is measured using a mud scale or mud balance. Mud can weigh up to 22 or 23 ppg. A gallon of water typically weighs 8.33 pounds (or 7.48 ppg).
The clear cut definition of light and heavy crude varies because the classification is based more on practical grounds than theoretical. The New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) defines light crude oil for domestic U.S. oil as having an API gravity between 37° API (840 kg/m 3) and 42° API (816 kg/m 3), while it defines light crude oil for non-U.S. oil as being between 32° API (865 kg/m 3 ...
An imperial fluid ounce is defined in British law as exactly 28.4130625 millilitres, [15] while a US customary fluid ounce is exactly 29.5735295625 mL, [16] and a US food labelling fluid ounce is 30 mL. [17] The fluid ounce is sometimes referred to simply as an "ounce" in contexts where its use is implicit, such as bartending.
This is most often used on offshore rigs because it has the properties of an oil-based mud, but the toxicity of the fluid fumes are much less. This is important when the drilling crew works with the fluid in an enclosed space such as an offshore drilling rig. Synthetic-based fluid poses the same environmental and analysis problems as oil-based ...