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  2. Packet Tracer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet_Tracer

    Packet Tracer is a cross-platform visual simulation tool designed by Cisco Systems that allows users to create network topologies and imitate modern computer networks. The software allows users to simulate the configuration of Cisco routers and switches using a simulated command line interface.

  3. Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enhanced_Interior_Gateway...

    The protocol was designed by Cisco Systems as a proprietary protocol, available only on Cisco routers. In 2013, Cisco permitted other vendors to freely implement a limited version of EIGRP with some of its associated features such as High Availability (HA), while withholding other EIGRP features such as EIGRP stub, needed for DMVPN and large ...

  4. High-Level Data Link Control - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-Level_Data_Link_Control

    They exchange session management and control information between connected devices, and some U-frames contain an information field, used for system management information or user data. The first 2 bits (11) mean it is a U-frame. The five type bits (2 before P/F bit and 3 bit after P/F bit) can create 32 different types of U-frame.

  5. Link aggregation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link_aggregation

    The link is set up dynamically between two LACP-supporting peers. Adaptive transmit load balancing (balance-tlb) Linux bonding driver mode that does not require any special network-switch support. The outgoing network packet traffic is distributed according to the current load (computed relative to the speed) on each network interface slave.

  6. Border Gateway Protocol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Border_Gateway_Protocol

    The first state is the Idle state. In the Idle state, BGP initializes all resources, refuses all inbound BGP connection attempts and initiates a TCP connection to the peer. The second state is Connect. In the Connect state, the router waits for the TCP connection to complete and transitions to the OpenSent state if successful.

  7. Open Shortest Path First - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Shortest_Path_First

    An area includes its connecting router having an interface for each connected network link. Each router maintains a separate link-state database for the area whose information may be summarized towards the rest of the network by the connecting router. Thus, the topology of an area is unknown outside the area.

  8. Network address translation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_address_translation

    If a packet is sent to 203.0.113.1 by a computer at 192.168.1.100, the packet would normally be routed to the default gateway (the router) [e] A router with the NAT loopback feature detects that 203.0.113.1 is the address of its WAN interface, and treats the packet as if coming from that interface. It determines the destination for that packet ...

  9. Link-state routing protocol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link-state_routing_protocol

    In link-state routing protocols, each router possesses information about the complete network topology. Each router then independently calculates the best next hop from it for every possible destination in the network using local information of the topology. The collection of best next hops forms the routing table.