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The Battle of Munda (17 March 45 BC), in southern Hispania Ulterior, was the final battle of Caesar's civil war against the leaders of the Optimates. [1] With the military victory at Munda and the deaths of Titus Labienus and Gnaeus Pompeius (eldest son of Pompey), Caesar was politically able to return in triumph to Rome, and then govern as the elected Roman dictator.
Although Suetonius, Cassius Dio, and probably Plutarch as well seem to have believed Caesar died without saying anything further, [12] the first two also reported that, according to others, Caesar had spoken the Greek phrase "καὶ σύ τέκνον" (Kaì sý, téknon - You too, child) to Brutus, as (in Suetonius) or after (in Dio) that senator struck at him.
Caesar recalled the rest of his men from constructing their camp, and hastily drew them up for battle. Immediately after, the Pontic army engaged Caesar's thin line of legionaries. Pharnaces' scythed chariots broke through the thin defensive line but were met by a hail of missiles (pila, the Roman throwing spear) from Caesar's battle line and ...
Contrary to popular belief, the words are not Caesar's last in the play, as he says "Then fall, Caesar" right after. [2] The first known occurrences of the phrase are said to be in two earlier Elizabethan plays: Henry VI, Part 3 by Shakespeare , and an even earlier play, Caesar Interfectus , by Richard Edes . [ 3 ]
Julius Caesar dictator perpetuo 100–44 BC: Julia Minor died 51 BC: Marcus Atius Balbus 105–51 BC: Atia 85–43 BC: Gaius Octavius c. 100–59 BC: Augustus 63 BC–14 AD [1] r. 27 BC – 14 AD: Livia Drusilla 59 BC–29 AD: Tiberius Claudius Nero c. 80–33 BC [2] Octavia Minor c. 66–11 BC: Mark Antony triumvir 83–30 BC: Marcus Vipsanius ...
Legio III Gallica (lit. Third Legion "Gallic") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army.The cognomen Gallica suggests that its earliest recruits came from veterans of the Gallic legions of Gaius Julius Caesar, a supposition supported by its emblem, a bull, a symbol associated with Caesar. [1]
Caesar endeavored to camp about 400 paces from the foot of the hill where the Pompeians were encamped. [4] While the Pompeians under Afranius threatened to give battle, Caesar declined, but had his first two lines of troops form up for battle anyway, while the third line was ordered to dig a wide ditch behind the lines, unseen.
After his acclamation in Alexandria on 1 July, Vespasian sent his friend Mucianus with a part of his army to fight Vitellius, but the Danubian legions commanded by Antonius Primus had not waited for Mucianus and defeated Vitellius' legions at the Second Battle of Bedriacum on 24 October. Vitellius was subsequently killed by a mob on 20 December.