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Alkali metal, any of the six elements of Group 1 (Ia) of the periodic table—lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium. The alkali metals are so called because reaction with water forms alkalies (i.e., strong bases capable of neutralizing acids).
The table summarizes the important physical and thermodynamic properties of the alkali metals. At atmospheric pressure these metals are all characterized by a body-centred cubic crystallographic arrangement (a standard pattern of atoms in their crystals ), with eight nearest neighbours to each atom.
Alkali metal - Reactivity, Group 1, Properties: Since the alkali metals are the most electropositive (the least electronegative) of elements, they react with a great variety of nonmetals. In its chemical reactivity, lithium more closely resembles Group 2 (IIa) of the periodic table than it does the other metals of its own group.
alkali metal, Any of the six chemical elements in the leftmost group of the periodic table (lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium). They form alkalies when they combine with other elements.
Alkaline-earth metal, any of the six chemical elements that comprise Group 2 of the periodic table. The elements are beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), and radium (Ra). The alkaline-earth elements are highly metallic and are good conductors of electricity.
Alkali, any of the soluble hydroxides of the alkali metals—i.e., lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium. Alkalies are strong bases that turn litmus paper from red to blue; they react with acids to yield neutral salts; and they are caustic and in concentrated form are corrosive to organic.
Alkaline-earth metal - Properties, Reactivity, Uses: The alkaline-earth elements are highly metallic and are good conductors of electricity. They have a gray-white lustre when freshly cut but tarnish readily in air, particularly the heavier members of the group.
Lithium, chemical element of Group 1 (Ia) in the periodic table, the alkali metal group, lightest of the solid elements. The metal itself—which is soft, white, and lustrous—and several of its alloys and compounds are produced on an industrial scale. Learn more about the occurrence and uses of lithium.
What is the definition of an alkali metal? Why are they called the alkali metals? What are some properties of the alkali metals? What is the most common alkali metal?
The alkali metals have low melting points. Lithium melts at 180.5 °C (356.9 °F); cesium melts at just 28.4 °C (83.1 °F). These elements are also excellent conductors of heat and electricity.