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The theory of basic human values is a theory of cross-cultural psychology and universal values that was developed by Shalom H. Schwartz. The theory extends previous cross-cultural communication frameworks such as Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory. Schwartz identifies ten basic human values, each distinguished by their underlying motivation ...
According to moral foundations theory, differences in people's moral concerns can be described in terms of five moral foundations: an individualizing cluster of Care and Fairness, and the group-focused binding cluster of Loyalty, Authority and Sanctity.
Today, moral psychology is a thriving area of research spanning many disciplines, [8] with major bodies of research on the biological, [9] [10] cognitive/computational [11] [12] [13] and cultural [14] [15] basis of moral judgment and behavior, and a growing body of research on moral judgment in the context of artificial intelligence.
The six stages of moral development occur in phases of pre-conventional, conventional and post-conventional morality. For his studies, Kohlberg relied on stories such as the Heinz dilemma and was interested in how individuals would justify their actions if placed in similar moral dilemmas.
The Rokeach Value Survey (RVS) is a values classification instrument. Developed by social psychologist Milton Rokeach, the instrument is designed for rank-order scaling of 36 values, including 18 terminal and 18 instrumental values. [1] The task for participants in the survey is to arrange the 18 terminal values, followed by the 18 instrumental ...
Cognitive moral education builds on the belief that students should learn to value things like democracy and justice as their moral reasoning develops. [23] Values relate to the norms of a culture, but they are more global and intellectual than norms. Norms provide rules for behavior in specific situations, while values identify what should be ...
The five most important virtues are benevolence (ren 仁), righteousness (yi 義), propriety (li 禮), wisdom (zhi 智), and trustworthiness (xin 信). The first four virtues were grouped together in the Mengzi. The fifth virtue, xin, was added by Dong Zhongshu. [5] Trustworthiness, or sincerity, is considered the most important of the five ...
A simple graphic depicting survey data from the United States intended to support moral foundations theory [citation needed]. The Righteous Mind: Why Good People are Divided by Politics and Religion is a 2012 social psychology book by Jonathan Haidt, in which the author describes human morality as it relates to politics and religion.