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Orthodontic spacer removal. [2] Spacers are usually used to put spaces in between teeth before braces are established. It can be agitating or painful, but patients are often warned not to pick at them or they will fall out. They are usually rubber, but sometimes they can be metal. They can be used when a patient's teeth are too close together.
A palatal expander is a device in the field of orthodontics which is used to widen the upper jaw [1] so that the bottom and upper teeth will fit together better. [2] [3] This is a common orthodontic procedure. The use of an expander is most common in children and adolescents 8–18 years of age.
Traditional metal braces are the most common type of braces. These braces have a metal bracket with elastic ties (also known as rubber bands) holding the wire onto the metal brackets. The second-most common type of braces is self-ligating braces, which have a built-in system to secure the archwire to the brackets and do not require elastic ties.
Class 2 elastics are used from the lower first molar to the upper canine tooth. [1] They can be used for many different reasons, such as Class 2 malocclusions, to reinforce anchorage in a case where an extraction has been done, to allow the maxillary incisors to move backwards, and to correct midline deviation and allow buccal movement of ...
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Top (left) and bottom (right) retainers Vacuum form retainer in the foreground (used on upper); illustration of an early Hawley retainer in the background. Orthodontic retainers are custom-made devices, usually made of wires or clear plastic, that hold teeth in position after surgery or any method of realigning teeth.
4.1 Braces. 4.1.1 Treatment duration. 4.2 Headgear. 4.3 Palatal expansion. ... a high-strength 16-mil round stainless steel wire replaced the original precious metal ...
The stainless steel alloys are of "18-8" austenitic type which contain Chromium (17-25%) and Nickel (8-25%) and Carbon (1-2%). [4] [5] Chromium in this stainless steel alloy forms a thin oxide layer which blocks the diffusion of oxygen into the alloy and allow for the corrosion resistance of this alloy. Angle used stainless steel in his last ...