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In terms of public policy, Internet bottlenecks and/or network congestion has largely been nested within the network neutrality debate. Network neutrality is the notion that ISPs and content providers need to be regulated in order to maintain fair speeds and access to content for all Internet users.
Networks use congestion control and congestion avoidance techniques to try to avoid collapse. These include: exponential backoff in protocols such as CSMA/CA in 802.11 and the similar CSMA/CD in the original Ethernet , window reduction in TCP , and fair queueing in devices such as routers and network switches .
In computer networking, the contention ratio is the ratio of the potential maximum demand to the actual bandwidth. The higher the contention ratio, the greater the number of users that may be trying to use the actual bandwidth at any one time and, therefore, the lower the effective bandwidth offered, especially at peak times. [1]
TCP supports ECN using two flags in the TCP header. The first, ECN-Echo (ECE) is used to echo back the congestion indication (i.e., signal the sender to reduce the transmission rate). The second, Congestion Window Reduced (CWR), to acknowledge that the congestion-indication echoing was received. Use of ECN on a TCP connection is optional; for ...
In adults and children age 2 and older, use it only on the neck and chest to ease coughing during a cold, per the Mayo Clinic. Vicks VapoRub is made of ingredients such as camphor, eucalyptus oil ...
Internet rush hour is the time period when the majority of Internet users are online at the same time. Typically, in the UK the peak hours are between 7 and 11 pm. [ 1 ] During this time frame, users commonly experience slowness while browsing or downloading content.
The DSL Reports Speedtest [11] is an easy-to-use test that includes a score for bufferbloat. The ICSI Netalyzr [ 12 ] was another on-line tool that could be used for checking networks for the presence of bufferbloat, together with checking for many other common configuration problems. [ 13 ]
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