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Anterior interosseous syndrome is a medical condition in which damage to the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN), a distal motor and sensory branch of the median nerve, classically with severe weakness of the pincer movement of the thumb and index finger, and can cause transient pain in the wrist (the terminal, sensory branch of the AIN innervates the bones of the carpal tunnel).
The main symptoms are pain in the hand, numbness, and tingling in the thumb, index finger, middle finger, and the thumb side of the ring finger. [1] Symptoms are typically most troublesome at night. [2] Many people sleep with their wrists bent, and the ensuing symptoms may lead to awakening. [7]
Cheiralgia paraesthetica (Wartenberg's syndrome) is a neuropathy of the hand generally caused by compression or trauma to the superficial branch of the radial nerve. [1] [2] The area affected is typically on the back or side of the hand at the base of the thumb, near the anatomical snuffbox, but may extend up the back of the thumb and index finger and across the back of the hand.
The middle digit has two dorsal interossei insert onto it while the first digit (thumb) and the fifth digit (little finger) have none. Each finger is provided with two interossei (palmar or dorsal), with the exception of the little finger, in which the abductor digiti minimi muscle takes the place of one of the dorsal interossei. [2]
Froment sign is the flexion of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb rather than adduction of the entire thumb. Note that the flexor pollicis longus is nearly always innervated by the anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve. Simultaneous hyperextension of the thumb MCP joint is indicative of ulnar nerve compromise. This is also known ...
The examiner passively restricts the flexion of the fingers while the examinee attempts to actively flex the thumb. [10] A positive test is marked by restricted active thumb flexion with pain or cramping discomfort in the palmar and radial sides of the distal (lower) forearm or wrist. [10]
Trauma to the finger or the hand is quite common in society. In some particular cases, the entire finger may be subject to amputation. The majority of traumatic injuries are work-related. Today, skilled hand surgeons can sometimes reattach the finger or thumb using microsurgery. Sometimes, traumatic injuries may result in loss of skin, and ...
The TMC joint is a synovial joint between the trapezium bone of the wrist and the metacarpal bone at the base of the thumb. This joint is a so-called saddle joint (articulatio sellaris), unlike the CMC joints of the other four fingers which are ellipsoid joints. [17] This means that the surfaces of the TMC joint are both concave and convex.