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The first benzodiazepine, chlordiazepoxide (Librium), was discovered accidentally by Leo Sternbach in 1955, and was made available in 1960 by Hoffmann–La Roche, which followed with the development of diazepam (Valium) three years later, in 1963. [1]
Librium, based on the R0 6-690 compound discovered by Sternbach in 1956, was approved for use in 1960. In 1963, its improved version, Valium, was released and became astonishingly popular: between 1969 and 1982, it was the most prescribed drug in America, with over 2.3 billion doses sold in its peak year of 1978.
In 1907 Alfred Bertheim synthesized Arsphenamine, the first man-made antibiotic. In 1927 Erik Rotheim patented the first aerosol spray can. In 1933 Robert Pauli Scherer created a method to develop softgels. William Roberts studies about penicillin were continued by Alexander Fleming, who in 1928 concluded that penicillin had an antibiotic ...
Diazepam was patented in 1959 by Hoffmann-La Roche. [15] [22] [23] It has been one of the most frequently prescribed medications in the world since its launch in 1963. [15] In the United States it was the best-selling medication between 1968 and 1982, selling more than 2 billion tablets in 1978 alone. [15]
E. W. Kemble's "Death's Laboratory" on the cover of Collier's (June 3, 1905). A patent medicine, also known as a proprietary medicine or a nostrum (from the Latin nostrum remedium, or "our remedy") is a commercial product advertised to consumers as an over-the-counter medicine, generally for a variety of ailments, without regard to its actual effectiveness or the potential for harmful side ...
In suicides when benzodiazepines were implicated, the benzodiazepines flunitrazepam and nitrazepam occurred in significantly higher concentrations compared to natural deaths. Of the 159 deaths where any benzodiazepines were found, 4 deaths were caused by benzodiazepines alone (in the other 155 cases, benzodiazepines were combined with something ...
1911 – Arsphenamine, also Salvarsan [1] 1912 – Neosalvarsan 1935 – Prontosil (an oral precursor to sulfanilamide), the first sulfonamide 1936 – Sulfanilamide 1938 – Sulfapyridine (M&B 693)
Clobazam, sold under the brand names Frisium, Onfi and others, is a benzodiazepine class medication that was patented in 1968. [3] Clobazam was first synthesized in 1966 and first published in 1969. Clobazam was originally marketed as an anxioselective anxiolytic since 1970, [ 4 ] [ 5 ] and an anticonvulsant since 1984. [ 6 ]