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Cinnamic acid is an organic compound with the formula C 6 H 5-CH=CH-COOH. It is a white crystalline compound that is slightly soluble in water, and freely soluble in many organic solvents. [ 4 ] Classified as an unsaturated carboxylic acid , it occurs naturally in a number of plants.
α-Phenylcinnamic acid is a phenylpropanoid, or, more specifically, a derivative of cinnamic acid. It has the formula C 15 H 12 O 2 and appears as an off-white crystalline solid. [ 2 ]
trans-cinnamic acid phenylacrylic acid cinnamylic acid 3-phenylacrylic acid (E)-cinnamic acid benzenepropenoic acid isocinnamic acid: C 6 H 5 CH=CHCOOH: C10. IUPAC name:
Ethyl cinnamate is the ester of cinnamic acid and ethanol. It is present in the essential oil of cinnamon. [citation needed] Pure ethyl cinnamate has a "fruity and balsamic odor, reminiscent of cinnamon with an amber note". [1] The p-methoxy derivative is reported to be a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. [2]
Methyl cinnamate is the methyl ester of cinnamic acid and is a white or transparent solid with a strong, aromatic odor. It is found naturally in a variety of plants, including in fruits, like strawberry, and some culinary spices, such as Sichuan pepper and some varieties of basil. [4]
The major route, however, is the conversion of cinnamaldehyde into cinnamic acid by the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase. Next, the cinnamic acid is transformed into cinnamoyl CoA which is again converted to either cinnamoylglycine by N-acyl transferase or to benzoyl CoA through β-oxidation , the latter being the major route.
These compounds are hydroxy derivatives of cinnamic acid. In the category of phytochemicals that can be found in food, there are: α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid; Caffeic acid – burdock, hawthorn, artichoke, pear, basil, thyme, oregano, apple; Cichoric acid; Cinnamic acid – aloe
Crotonic acid has 4 carbons, is included in croton oil, and is a trans-2-mono-unsaturated fatty acid.C 3 H 5 CO 2 H, IUPAC organization name (E)-but-2-enoic acid, trans-but-2-enoic acid, numerical representation 4:1, n-1, molecular weight 86.09, melting point 72–74 °C, boiling point 180–181 °C, specific gravity 1.027.