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Rapids cause water aeration of the stream or river, resulting in better water quality. [2] For a rapid to form, a necessary condition is the presence of a gradient, which refers to the river or stream's downward slope. When a river has a larger gradient, the water flows downhill faster. [3] Gradients are typically measured in feet per mile. [4]
The international scale of river difficulty is an American system used to rate the difficulty of navigating a stretch of river, or a single (sometimes whitewater) rapid. [1] The scale was created by the American Whitewater Association to evaluate rivers throughout the world, hence international in the title. [ 2 ]
The river narrows to 201 metres (659 ft) at the foot of the lower rapid. For steamboats, the rapids were a navigation hazard during low water in autumn and winter. In the 1890s efforts were made to improve the channel by blasting rocks in the river. The rapids were noted as a "strong rapid" by David Thompson in his journal entry of September 6 ...
The Grand Canyon section of the Colorado River, like several other big-water Western rivers, uses a rapids scale developed by Otis R. Marston of 1–10 for rapids, 10 being the most difficult. The International Scale of River Difficulty, which classifies rapids from class I to VI, is more common elsewhere in the US and internationally.
Whitewater on the river Guil (French Alps) Whitewater on the small rapid of Kannonkoski, Central Finland Vivid water of the Torne River between Sweden and Finland. Whitewater at Yosemite. Whitewater forms in the context of rapids, in particular, when a river's gradient changes enough to generate so much turbulence that
The Cataracts of the Nile are shallow lengths (or whitewater rapids) of the Nile river, between Khartoum and Aswan, where the surface of the water is broken by many small boulders and stones jutting out of the river bed, as well as many rocky islets. In some places, these stretches are punctuated by whitewater, while at others the water flow is ...
The Petawawa River is a popular whitewater river in Ontario, Canada. A whitewater river is any river where its gradient and/or flow create rapids or whitewater turbulence. . This list only focuses on rivers which are suitable for whitewater sports such as canoeing, kayaking, and raf
The Mississippi River [b] is the primary river of the largest drainage basin in the United States. [c] [15] [16] From its traditional source of Lake Itasca in northern Minnesota, it flows generally south for 2,340 miles (3,766 km) [16] to the Mississippi River Delta in the Gulf of Mexico.