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  2. Glutamic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamic_acid

    Glutamic acid (symbol Glu or E; [4] the anionic form is known as glutamate) is an α-amino acid that is used by almost all living beings in the biosynthesis of proteins. It is a non-essential nutrient for humans, meaning that the human body can synthesize enough for its use.

  3. Yeast extract - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yeast_extract

    Yeast extract is a common ingredient in commercially prepared soups (canned, frozen, or deli). [1] [2] It is a flavor enhancer like monosodium glutamate (MSG).Yeast extracts consist of the cell contents of yeast without the cell walls; [3] they are used as food additives or flavorings, or as nutrients for bacterial culture media.

  4. Glutamate flavoring - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamate_flavoring

    Glutamate flavoring is the generic name for flavor-enhancing compounds based on glutamic acid and its salts (glutamates). These compounds provide an umami (savory) taste to food. Glutamic acid and glutamates are natural constituents of many fermented or aged foods, including soy sauce, fermented bean paste, and cheese.

  5. HBTU - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HBTU

    HBTU is prepared by reaction of HOBt with TCFH under basic conditions [6] and was assigned to a uronium type structure, presumably by analogy with the corresponding phosphonium salts, which bear a positive carbon atom instead of the phosphonium residue. Later, it was shown by X-ray analysis that salts crystallize as aminium rather than the ...

  6. Glutamic acid (data page) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamic_acid_(data_page)

    The complete data for Glutamic acid. General information. Chemical formula: C 5 H 9 N O 4 ...

  7. Monosodium glutamate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monosodium_glutamate

    Glutamic acid was discovered and identified in 1866 by the German chemist Karl Heinrich Ritthausen, who treated wheat gluten (for which it was named) with sulfuric acid. [41] Kikunae Ikeda of Tokyo Imperial University isolated glutamic acid as a taste substance in 1908 from the seaweed Laminaria japonica ( kombu ) by aqueous extraction and ...

  8. Glutaminolysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutaminolysis

    Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the plasma and an additional energy source in tumor cells especially when glycolytic energy production is low due to a high amount of the dimeric form of M2-PK. Glutamine and its degradation products glutamate and aspartate are precursors for nucleic acid and serine synthesis.

  9. Deamidation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deamidation

    Asn-Gly (NG),is the most flexible and since it is acidic, it is most prone to deamidation with a half-life around 24 h under physiological conditions (pH 7.4, 37 °C). [3] As a free amino acid, or as the N-terminal residue of a peptide or protein, glutamine deamidates readily to form pyroglutamic acid (5-oxoproline). The reaction proceeds via ...