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The Templar Knights were created in 1119 when King Baldwin II gave permission for eight knights to start a new military order to protect pilgrims on their way to the Holy land. They never retreated from battle and as a result, only a tenth of the Templars survived battle. The Order had to constantly spend large sums of money recruiting new knights.
Convent of the Order of Christ, Tomar. Castle of Almourol [1] Castelo Branco [1] Castle of Idanha [1] Castle of Monsanto [1] Castle of Penha Garcia [1] Castle of Pombal [2] Castle of Soure - received and reconstructed in March 1128, was the first castle of the Knights Templar. [16]
The siege of Jacob's Ford was a victory of the Muslim Sultan Saladin over the Christian King of Jerusalem, Baldwin IV.It occurred in August 1179, when Saladin conquered and destroyed Chastelet, a new border castle built by the Knights Templar at Jacob's Ford on the upper Jordan River, a historic passage point between the Golan Heights and north Galilee.
New members had to willingly sign over all of their wealth and goods to the order and vow to "God and Our Lady" (mother of Jesus) poverty, chastity, piety, obedience to the master of the order, and to conquer the Holy Land of Jerusalem. [122] They were then promised "the bread and water and poor clothing of the house and much pain and suffering".
The scope of the term "crusade" first referred to military expeditions undertaken by European Christians in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries to the Holy Land. The conflicts to which the term is applied has been extended to include other campaigns initiated, supported and sometimes directed by the Roman Catholic Church against pagans, heretics ...
For Christians, the Holy Land is considered holy because of its association with the birth, ministry, crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus, whom Christians regard as the incarnation of God and the Messiah. Christian books, including many editions of the Bible, often have maps of the Holy Land (considered to be Galilee, Samaria, and Judea).
[11] [17] 1071-1079. The Seljuk Turks conquer much of Syria and Palestine from the Byzantines and Fatimids. Their empire is a loose federation of competing Seljuk princes and mainly Turk warlords. [18] [19] 1074. March 1. Pope Gregory VII is planning to launch a military campaign against the Seljuk Turks for the liberation of the Holy Land. [20 ...
With the Fall of Ruad in 1302, the Kingdom of Jerusalem lost its final outpost on the Levantine coast, its possession closest to the Holy Land now being Cyprus. Henry II of Jerusalem retained the title of king of Jerusalem until his death in 1324, and the title continued to be claimed by his successors, the kings of Cyprus.