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Many countries began polio immunization campaigns using Salk's vaccine, including Canada, Sweden, Denmark, Norway, West Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and Belgium. By 1959, the Salk vaccine had reached about 90 countries. [5] An attenuated live oral polio vaccine was developed by Albert Sabin, coming into commercial use in 1961. Less ...
Sabin developed an oral vaccine based on mutant strains of polio virus that seemed to stimulate antibody production but not to cause paralysis. Recipients of his live attenuated oral vaccine included himself, family, and colleagues. Sabin's first clinical trials were carried out at the Chillicothe Ohio Reformatory in late 1954. From 1956–1960 ...
A few years later, during a polio outbreak in Canada, "masked bandits" stole 75,000 Salk vaccine shots from a Montreal university research center. [25] Just months after the vaccine's success was announced, American President Eisenhower signed the Polio Vaccination Assistance Act of 1955, to ensure the vaccine would be distributed to the public ...
Polio: An American Story by David M. Oshinsky, professor of history at the University of Texas at Austin, documents the polio epidemic in the United States during the 1940s and 1950s and the race to develop a vaccine, which led to 2 different types of polio vaccine: inactivated poliovirus vaccine, developed by a team led by Jonas Salk, and oral poliovirus vaccine, developed by a team led by ...
Two vaccines are used throughout the world to combat poliomyelitis.The first, a polio vaccine developed by Jonas Salk, is an inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV), consisting of a mixture of three wild, virulent strains of poliovirus, grown in a type of monkey kidney tissue culture (Vero cell line), and made noninfectious by formaldehyde treatment.
Former President Jimmy Carter holds 4-year-old Daniella Stelluto while Unicef ambassador Audrey Hepburn (R) administers an oral polio vaccine to promote global immunization on Oct. 8, 1991.
1952 – First intravenous vaccine for polio; 1954 – First vaccine for Japanese encephalitis; 1957 – First vaccine for adenovirus-4 and 7; 1962 – First oral vaccine for polio; 1963 – First vaccine for measles; 1967 – First vaccine for mumps; 1970 – First vaccine for rubella; 1977 – First vaccine for pneumonia (Streptococcus ...
President-elect Donald Trump, in his first news conference since his victory, downplayed concerns that his administration would revoke the polio vaccine’s authorization, suggested he could ...