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The Worldwide Harmonised Light vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP) [1] is a global driving cycle standard for determining the levels of pollutants, CO 2 emission standards and fuel consumption of conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) and hybrid automobiles, as well as the all-electric range of plug-in electric vehicles.
The "city" driving program of the EPA Federal Test Procedure is identical to the UDDS plus the first 505 seconds of an additional UDDS cycle. [5] [6] EPA FTP-75 driving cycle. Then the characteristics of the cycle are: Distance travelled: 11.04 miles (17.77 km) Duration: 1874 seconds; Average speed: 21.2 mph (34.1 km/h)
A driving cycle is a series of data points representing the speed of a vehicle versus time.. Driving cycles are produced by different countries and organizations to assess the performance of vehicles in various ways, for example, fuel consumption, electric vehicle autonomy and polluting emissions.
For each vehicle configuration, a look-up table is applied: each speed corresponds to a certain value of resistance (reverse torque applied to the drive wheels). This arrangement enables the use of a single physical vehicle to test all vehicle body styles (Sedan, hatchback, MPV etc.) by simply changing the look-up table. A fan is coupled to the ...
The China Light-Duty Vehicle Test Cycle (CLTC) (Chinese: 中国轻型汽车行驶工况; pinyin: Zhōngguó qīngxíng qìchē xíngshǐ gōng kuàng) is a driving cycle standard introduced by the government of China to measure the energy consumption, driving range and emissions of light-duty vehicles, including both internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles and electric vehicles (EV).
Turkey is planning to use the worldwide harmonized light vehicles test procedure (WLTP). [ 49 ] However, despite these tailpipe emission standards for new vehicle types there are many older diesel vehicles, [ 50 ] no low-emission zones and no national limit on PM2.5 particulates so local pollution, including from older vehicles, is still a ...
United States vehicle emission standards are set through a combination of legislative mandates enacted by Congress through Clean Air Act (CAA) amendments from 1970 onwards, and executive regulations managed nationally by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and more recently along with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).
The following table compares official EPA ratings for fuel economy (in miles per gallon gasoline equivalent, mpg-e or MPGe, for plug-in electric vehicles) for series production all-electric passenger vehicles rated by the EPA for model years 2015, [1] 2016, [2] 2017, [3] and 2023 [4] versus the model year 2016 vehicles that were rated the most efficient by the EPA with plug-in hybrid ...