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(Einstein was formally awarded his PhD on 15 January 1906.) [79] [80] [81] Four other pieces of work that Einstein completed in 1905—his famous papers on the photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, his special theory of relativity and the equivalence of mass and energy—have led to the year being celebrated as an annus mirabilis for physics ...
A hallmark of Albert Einstein's career was his use of visualized thought experiments (German: Gedankenexperiment [1]) as a fundamental tool for understanding physical issues and for elucidating his concepts to others. Einstein's thought experiments took diverse forms. In his youth, he mentally chased beams of light.
A micrograph from a Transmission Electron Micrograph showing a lipid vesicle. The two dark bands are the two leaflets comprising the bilayer. Similar images taken in the 1950s and 1960s confirmed the bilayer nature of the cell membrane. Thus, by the early twentieth century the chemical, but not the structural nature of the cell membrane was known.
The structure of the membrane is now known in great detail, including 3D models of many of the hundreds of different proteins that are bound to the membrane. These major developments in cell physiology placed the membrane theory in a position of dominance and stimulated the imagination of most physiologists, who now apparently accept the theory ...
The book serves as both a biography of Albert Einstein and a catalog of his works and scientific achievements. [9] [13] Though there were several well-known biographies of Einstein prior to the book's publication, this was the first which focused on his scientific research, as opposed to his life as a popular figure.
Dr. Albert Einstein, left, Princeton University professor, clad in a blue jersey, bids goodbye to his guest, Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru of India, at the conclusion of Nehru’s visit ...
In this way Einstein was able to determine the size of atoms, and how many atoms there are in a mole, or the molecular weight in grams, of a gas. [13] In accordance to Avogadro's law , this volume is the same for all ideal gases, which is 22.414 liters at standard temperature and pressure.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Albert Einstein: Albert Einstein – German-born theoretical physicist. He developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum mechanics). [1] [2]: 274 Einstein's work is also known for its influence on the philosophy of science.