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Cogging torque of electrical motors is the torque due to the interaction between the permanent magnets of the rotor and the stator slots of a permanent magnet machine. It is also known as detent or no-current torque. This torque is position dependent and its periodicity per revolution depends on the number of magnetic poles and the number of ...
Most motors exhibit positional torque ripple known as cogging torque. In high-speed motors, this effect is usually negligible, as the frequency at which it occurs is too high to significantly affect system performance; direct-drive units will suffer more from this phenomenon unless additional inertia is added (i.e. by a flywheel ) or the system ...
A common example is "cogging torque" due to slight asymmetries in the magnetic field generated by the motor windings, which causes variations in the reluctance depending on the rotor position. This effect can be reduced by careful selection of the winding layout of the motor, or through the use of realtime controls to the power delivery.
The cogging torque is measured with a torque transducer connected between the test object and the load machine. The cogging torque can be determined in two different ways: Measurement of the cogging torque at slow speed or measurement of the cogging torque with closed-loop position control.
Cogging may refer to: Cogging torque, an undesirable effect in the operation of an electric motor; Forge cogging, successive deformation of a metal bar or beam along ...
This creates torque that pulls the rotor into alignment with the nearest pole of the stator field. At synchronous speed the rotor is thus "locked" to the rotating stator field. This cannot start the motor, so the rotor poles usually have squirrel-cage windings embedded in them, to provide torque below synchronous speed.
The motor can be built with a strong magnet and large stator to deliver high torque, but it is mostly built small, to drive the load through a low gear ratio. The rotor (circle) is a permanent magnet (with red and green poles). In figure (a) it turns towards the stator (xx' cogging point) so as to minimize reluctance.
The motor speed varies as a non-linear function of load torque and armature current; current is common to both the stator and rotor yielding current squared (I^2) behavior [citation needed]. A series motor has very high starting torque and is commonly used for starting high inertia loads, such as trains, elevators or hoists. [2]
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