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Gout (/ ɡ aʊ t / GOWT [7]) is a form of inflammatory arthritis characterized by recurrent attacks of pain in a red, tender, hot, and swollen joint, [2] [8] caused by the deposition of needle-like crystals of uric acid known as monosodium urate crystals. [9]
The Twelver exegete Shaykh Tusi (d. 1067) notes that the article innama in the verse of purification grammatically limits the verse to the Ahl al-Bayt. He then argues that rijs here cannot be limited to disobedience because God expects obedience from every responsible person (Arabic: مكلف, romanized: mukallaf) and not just the Ahl al-Bayt.
A number of different words for sin are used in the Islamic tradition. According to A. J. Wensinck's entry on the topic in the Encyclopedia of Islam, Islamic terms for sin include dhanb and khaṭīʾa, which are synonymous and refer to intentional sins; khiṭʾ, which means simply a sin; and ithm, which is used for grave sins.
Islamic holy books are certain religious scriptures that are viewed by Muslims as having valid divine significance, in that they were authored by God through a variety of prophets and messengers, including those who predate the Quran.
The use of the greeting differs when interacting with non-Muslims such as people of the book (ahlul kitab). Some scholars are divided on the issue. Most believe that when greeted by non-Muslims, Muslims can only respond by stating "wa ʿalaykum" ("and upon you") instead of the longer version, while others suggest replying with a salam.
The Tawrat (Arabic: تَّوْرَاة , romanized: Tawrāh), also romanized as Tawrah or Taurat, is the Arabic-language name for the Torah within its context as an Islamic holy book believed by Muslims to have been given by God to the prophets and messengers amongst the Children of Israel.
In Islamic writings, these honorific prefixes and suffixes come before and after the names of all the prophets and messengers (of whom there are 124,000 in Islam, the last of whom is the Prophet Muhammad), [2] the Imams (the Twelve Imams in Shia Islam), the infallibles in Shia Islam and the prominent individuals who followed them.
The Quran frequently employs the term "qalb" (heart), which appears 132 times, and at times substitutes it with similar terms. The word's root meaning denotes concepts of change, transformation, and fluctuation, implying that the heart is constantly in motion and may undergo reversal or alteration. [2]