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This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology ...
An operational taxonomic unit (OTU) is an operational definition used to classify groups of closely related individuals.The term was originally introduced in 1963 by Robert R. Sokal and Peter H. A. Sneath in the context of numerical taxonomy, where an "operational taxonomic unit" is simply the group of organisms currently being studied. [1]
A clade A is basal to a clade B if A branches off the lineage leading to B before the first branch leading only to members of B. In the adjacent diagram, the strepsirrhine/prosimian clade, is basal to the hominoids/ape clade. In this example, both Haplorrhine as prosimians should be considered as most basal groupings.
In botanical nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that now goes by a different scientific name. [1] For example, Linnaeus was the first to give a scientific name (under the currently used system of scientific nomenclature) to the Norway spruce, which he called Pinus abies.
Figure A: Line graph example. The birth rate in Brazil (2010–2016); [ 9 ] Figure B: Bar chart example. The birth rate in Brazil for the December months from 2010 to 2016; Figure C: Example of Box Plot : number of glycines in the proteome of eight different organisms (A-H); Figure D: Example of a scatter plot.
See figures 4, 5 osmeterium fleshy structure on some larvae, often discharging odorous chemicals. oviposition the act of laying eggs. oviscape if part of the ovipositor is visible when not in action, then the basal visible portion, typically tubular, is the oviscape. For examples, see females of many Tephritidae and Pyrgotidae (cf scape ...
The word pedigree is a corruption of the Anglo-Norman French pé de grue or "crane's foot", either because the typical lines and split lines (each split leading to different offspring of the one parent line) resemble the thin leg and foot of a crane [3] or because such a mark was used to denote succession in pedigree charts. [4]
refer to something about biology itself; for instance, not a branch of biology; are broadly applicable terms, not specific to a small subset of organisms; do not fit well into any other more specific existing terminology category; Anatomical terms are not included here and appear in sub-categories of the main Anatomy category.