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NADH dehydrogenase → plastoquinol → b 6 f → cyt c 6 → cyt aa 3 → O 2. where the mobile electron carriers are plastoquinol and cytochrome c 6, while the proton pumps are NADH dehydrogenase, cyt b 6 f and cytochrome aa 3 (member of the COX3 family). Cyanobacteria are the only bacteria that produce oxygen during photosynthesis.
Cytochrome b/b6 is an integral membrane protein of approximately 400 amino acid residues that probably has 8 transmembrane segments. In plants and cyanobacteria, cytochrome b6 consists of two protein subunits encoded by the petB and petD genes. Cytochrome b/b6 non-covalently binds two heme groups, known as b562 and b566.
The cytochrome b 6 f complex is a dimer, with each monomer composed of eight subunits. [3] These consist of four large subunits: a 32 kDa cytochrome f with a c-type cytochrome, a 25 kDa cytochrome b 6 with a low- and high-potential heme group, a 19 kDa Rieske iron-sulfur protein containing a [2Fe-2S] cluster, and a 17 kDa subunit IV; along with four small subunits (3-4 kDa): PetG, PetL, PetM ...
Complex IV contains a cytochrome a/a3-domain that transfers electrons and catalyzes the reaction of oxygen to water. Photosystem II, the first protein complex in the light-dependent reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis, contains a cytochrome b subunit. Cyclooxygenase 2, an enzyme involved in inflammation, is a cytochrome b protein.
The cytochrome b 6 f protein complex catalyzes the electron transfer between plastoquinone and plastocyanin, but also transports the two protons into the lumen of thylakoid discs. [2] This proton transfer forms an electrochemical gradient, which is used by ATP synthase at the end of the light dependent reactions in order to form ATP from ADP ...
Unlike non-cyclic photophosphorylation, NADP + does not accept the electrons; they are instead sent back to the cytochrome b 6 f complex. [citation needed] In bacterial photosynthesis, a single photosystem is used, and therefore is involved in cyclic photophosphorylation.
Photosynthesis usually refers to oxygenic photosynthesis, a process that produces oxygen. Photosynthetic organisms store the chemical energy so produced within intracellular organic compounds (compounds containing carbon) like sugars, glycogen , cellulose and starches .
In photosynthesis, plastocyanin functions as an electron transfer agent between cytochrome f of the cytochrome b 6 f complex from photosystem II and P700+ from photosystem I. Cytochrome b 6 f complex and P700 + are both membrane-bound proteins with exposed residues on the lumen-side of the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts. Cytochrome f acts ...
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