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Arms as sculpted within quatrefoils on chest tomb supporting his effigy Steel helm of Sir Richard Pembridge, one of only four 14th-century knight's helms to survive. National Museum of Scotland , Edinburgh [ 2 ] Effigy of Sir Richard Pembridge, Hereford Cathedral , showing the Garter worn on his left leg below the knee.
13th century German great helm with a flat top to the skull. The great helm or heaume, also called pot helm, bucket helm and barrel helm, is a helmet of the High Middle Ages which arose in the late twelfth century in the context of the Crusades and remained in use until the fourteenth century.
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A stereotypical knight's helm from the Crusader period. Cervelliere: Late 12th: Steel skull cap worn as a helm or underneath a great helm. Sometimes worn under rather than over the coif. Bascinet: Early 14th to early or mid 15th: Originally worn underneath a great helm and had no visor but did develop nasals to protect the nose.
The Gjermundbu helmet is a Viking Age helmet. [1] [2]The helmet was discovered during field clearing in 1943 at the Gjermundbu farm near Haugsbygd in the municipality of Ringerike in Buskerud, Norway.
The close helmet or close helm is a type of combat helmet that was worn by knights and other men-at-arms in the Late Medieval and Renaissance eras. It was also used by some heavily armoured, pistol-armed cuirassiers into the mid-17th century. It is a fully enclosing helmet with a pivoting visor and integral bevor.
Castilian chronicler Fernao Lopes describes such a situation taking place in a 1387 joust, wherein one knight held his shield "so that only his right eye was visible." [ 6 ] Whether this was a strategic alternative to the use of a visor or simply an accommodation for inferior armor is unclear.
The enclosed helmet was created by adding a face-protecting plate, pierced for sight and breathing, and by extending downwards the back and sides of a flat-topped helmet, to produce a cylindrical helm. [4] From the evidence of extant contemporary illustrations the face protection was added first, probably as an extension of the pre-existing nasal.