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  2. Ballistic pendulum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballistic_pendulum

    A green ballistic pendulum Animation of a ballistic pendulum. A ballistic pendulum is a device for measuring a bullet's momentum, from which it is possible to calculate the velocity and kinetic energy. Ballistic pendulums have been largely rendered obsolete by modern chronographs, which allow direct measurement of the projectile velocity.

  3. Gun chronograph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gun_chronograph

    A ballistic chronograph or gun chronograph is a measuring instrument used to measure the velocity of a projectile in flight, typically fired from a gun or other firearm. The instrument is often useful for tasks such as gauging the utility of a firearm or safety of non-lethal projectiles fired from items such as a paintball gun or BB gun .

  4. Konstantin Konstantinov - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstantin_Konstantinov

    In 1844, he invented a device for measuring the flight speed of projectiles at any point of their trajectory. In 1847, Konstantinov created a ballistic rocket pendulum, which would allow to establish a law of changing rocket motion in time. With the help of this device, he was able to determine the influence of the form and design of a rocket ...

  5. Gun laying - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gun_laying

    The ballistic pendulum was invented in 1742 by English mathematician Benjamin Robins, and published in his book New Principles of Gunnery, which revolutionized the science of ballistics, as it provided the first way to accurately measure the velocity of a bullet. [7] [8] Robins used the ballistic pendulum to measure projectile velocity in two ways.

  6. Ballistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballistics

    External ballistics is the part of the science of ballistics that deals with the behaviour of a non-powered projectile in flight. External ballistics is frequently associated with firearms , and deals with the unpowered free-flight phase of the bullet after it exits the gun barrel and before it hits the target, so it lies between transitional ...

  7. Aberdeen chronograph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberdeen_Chronograph

    It was invented in 1918 by Alfred Lee Loomis at the U.S. Army's Aberdeen Proving Ground. [1] The method prevalent at the time was the Boulengé chronograph, which relied on the projectile passing through two wire screens. Breaking the first screen would release a rod held by electromagnets.

  8. Benjamin Robins - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Robins

    Benjamin Robins (1707 – 29 July 1751) was a pioneering British scientist, Newtonian mathematician, and military engineer.. He wrote an influential treatise on gunnery, for the first time introducing Newtonian science to military men, was an early enthusiast for rifled gun barrels, and his work had substantive influence on the development of artillery during the latter half of the eighteenth ...

  9. Recoil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recoil

    And then to properly design recoil buffering systems to safely dissipate that momentum and energy. To confirm analytical calculations and estimates, once a prototype gun is manufactured, the projectile and gun recoil energy and momentum can be directly measured using a ballistic pendulum and ballistic chronograph.