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Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein polymerase that maintains telomere ends by addition of the telomere repeat TTAGGG. The enzyme consists of a protein component with reverse transcriptase activity, encoded by this gene, and an RNA component that serves as a template for the telomere repeat.
The role of telomeres and telomerase in cell aging and cancer was established by scientists at biotechnology company Geron with the cloning of the RNA and catalytic components of human telomerase [9] and the development of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based assay for telomerase activity called the TRAP assay, which surveys telomerase ...
Telomerase RNA component, also known as TR, TER or TERC, is an ncRNA found in eukaryotes that is a component of telomerase, the enzyme used to extend telomeres. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] TERC serves as a template for telomere replication ( reverse transcription ) by telomerase.
TERRA-Telomerase Interaction at Long Telomeres. At cells with long telomeres, TERRA is proposed to act as a negative regulator of telomerase activity. This direct inhibitor function acts through base-pairing of the tandem repeats found throughout TERRA's 3'-end to the complementary RNA template region of telomerase. [6]
The RNA component of telomerase anneals to the single stranded 3' end of the template DNA and contains 1.5 copies of the telomeric sequence. [93] Telomerase contains a protein subunit that is a reverse transcriptase called telomerase reverse transcriptase or TERT. TERT synthesizes DNA until the end of the template telomerase RNA and then ...
Telomeres are shortened with every duplication of DNA, and must be lengthened again. He studies telomerase , the enzyme that copies the telomeric sequences and lengthens them. [ 8 ] The active site protein subunits of telomerase comprise a new class of reverse transcriptases , enzymes previously thought to be restricted to viruses and ...
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SMG6 binds single-stranded telomere DNA and cooperates with telomerase reverse transcriptase to lengthen telomeres. [6] Overexpression of SMG6 induces anaphase bridges due to chromosome-end fusions and, thus, affects telomere capping, which may directly induce an apoptotic response. [19] [5] SMG6 also functions as an endonuclease in the NMD ...