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There are three broad categories of causes: heart or blood vessel related; reflex, also known as neurally mediated; and orthostatic hypotension. [1] Issues with the heart and blood vessels are the cause in about 10% and typically the most serious while neurally mediated is the most common. [1] There also seems to be a genetic component to syncope.
The increase in pulse pressure may result in increased damage to blood vessels in target organs such as the brain or kidneys. [23] [24] This effect may be exaggerated if the increase in arterial stiffness results in reduced wave reflection and more propagation of the pulsatile pressure into the microcirculation. [23]
Lesions reflect leakage of plasma components across vascular endothelium and excessive extracellular matrix production by smooth muscle cells, usually secondary to hypertension. [ 11 ] Hyaline arteriolosclerosis is a major morphologic characteristic of benign nephrosclerosis , in which the arteriolar narrowing causes diffuse impairment of renal ...
Alas, you can add one more unpleasant side effect to the list: persistent and particularly malodorous belching. So what are Ozempic burps, exactly? Read on for the full scoop from a medical expert ...
Variant angina is caused by vasospasm, a narrowing of the coronary arteries due to contraction of the heart's smooth muscle tissue in the vessel walls. [3] In comparison, stable angina is caused by the permanent occlusion of these vessels by atherosclerosis, which is the buildup of fatty plaque and hardening of the arteries. [4]
It was once believed that the main function of yawning was to increase otherwise low oxygen levels, but a 1987 study disproved that theory. Why you yawn when you’re bored, according to experts ...
a reduction of blood flow to the heart that can be caused by stenosis, spasm, or acute occlusion (by an embolus) of the heart's arteries. resistance of the blood vessels. This can be caused by narrowing of the blood vessels; a decrease in radius. [34] Blood flow is proportional to the radius of the artery to the fourth power. [35]
The underlying mechanism involves the nervous system slowing the heart rate and dilating blood vessels, resulting in low blood pressure and thus not enough blood flow to the brain. [2] Diagnosis is based on the symptoms after ruling out other possible causes. [3] Recovery from a reflex syncope episode happens without specific treatment. [2]