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A state may acquire sovereignty over territory if that sovereignty is ceded (transferred) to it by another state. Cession is typically effected by treaty.Examples of cession include the cession of Hong Kong Island and Kowloon, purchases such as the Louisiana Purchase and the Alaska Purchase, and cessions involving multiple parties such as the Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany.
Type A: An 'all-purpose territory' in which all activities occur, e.g. courtship, mating, nesting and foraging; Type B: A mating and nesting territory, not including most of the area used for foraging. Type C: A nesting territory which includes the nest plus a small area around it. Common in colonial waterbirds. Type D: A pairing and mating ...
Defending territory from rivals (known as territoriality) is a learnt adaptive behavior performed by several ecological species. The advantage of being territorial varies depending on the species of interest, but the underlying principle is always to increase overall fitness. [ 12 ]
Guilds are defined according to the locations, attributes, or activities of their component species. For example, the mode of acquiring nutrients, the mobility, and the habitat zones that the species occupy or exploit can be used to define a guild. The number of guilds occupying an ecosystem is termed its disparity. [5]
Competition is an interaction between organisms or species in which both require one or more resources that are in limited supply (such as food, water, or territory). [1] Competition lowers the fitness of both organisms involved since the presence of one of the organisms always reduces the amount of the resource available to the other.
These benefits include but are not limited to increased territory quality, increased parental care, and protection from predators. There is much support for maintenance of mate choice by direct benefits [ 5 ] and this approach offers the least controversial model to explain discriminate mating.
The results of numerous studies contribute evidence that character displacement often influences the evolution of resource acquisition among members of an ecological guild. [ 5 ] Competitive release , defined as the expansion of an ecological niche in the absence of a competitor, is essentially the mirror image of character displacement. [ 6 ]
The black walnut secretes a chemical from its roots that harms neighboring plants, an example of competitive antagonism.. In ecology, a biological interaction is the effect that a pair of organisms living together in a community have on each other.