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A reference to a location in a directory system is called a path. In many operating systems, programs have an associated working directory in which they execute. Typically, file names accessed by the program are assumed to reside within this directory if the file names are not specified with an explicit directory name.
Unix abstracts the nature of this tree hierarchy entirely and in Unix and Unix-like systems the root directory is denoted by the / (slash) sign. Though the root directory is conventionally referred to as /, the directory entry itself has no name – its path is the "empty" part before the initial directory separator character (/).
In CP/M, DOS, Windows, and OS/2, the root directory is "drive:\", for example on modern systems, the root directory is usually "C:\". The directory separator is usually a "\", but many operating systems also internally recognize a "/". Physical and virtual drives are named by a drive letter, as opposed to being combined as one. [1]
This was an artifact of early Unix programming. Specifically, when Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie were migrating Unix to a PDP-11, the contents of the /bin and /lib directories, which were to be the first directories mounted on startup and to contain all essentials for the OS to function, became too large to fit on an RK05 disk drive. So they ...
exception: Use the /D switch to change current drive in addition to changing current directory for a drive. For example: CD "C:.\Program Files" works the same as CD "C:/Program Files" Also, from a root folder: CD "C:.\Program Files.\Internet Explorer" would be treated the same as CD "C:/Program Files/Internet Explorer"
Unix (/ ˈ j uː n ɪ k s / ⓘ, YOO-niks; trademarked as UNIX) is a family of multitasking, multi-user computer operating systems that derive from the original AT&T Unix, whose development started in 1969 [1] at the Bell Labs research center by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, and others. [4]
The path separator is > on Multics, [5] / on Unix-like systems, [6] and \ on MS-DOS 2.0 and later, Windows, and OS/2 systems. An absolute path begins at the root directory; that is, begins with a path separator character, which, at the beginning of a path, represents the root directory. A path consisting only of a path separator character ...
In computing, a directory service or name service maps the names of network resources to their respective network addresses.It is a shared information infrastructure for locating, managing, administering and organizing everyday items and network resources, which can include volumes, folders, files, printers, users, groups, devices, telephone numbers and other objects.