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Benito Mussolini, dictator of Fascist Italy (left), and Adolf Hitler, dictator of Nazi Germany (right), were fascist leaders.. Fascism (/ ˈ f æ ʃ ɪ z əm / FASH-iz-əm) is a far-right, authoritarian, and ultranationalist political ideology and movement, [1] [2] [3] characterized by a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, forcible suppression of opposition, belief in a ...
In his book, How Fascism Works, Stanley focuses on fascist politics in much more detail than fascist states, as he says the latter vary significantly by time and location and are only loosely characterized by “ultra nationalism of some variety (ethnic, religious, cultural), with the nation represented in the person of an authoritarian leader ...
Like fascism, Plato emphasized that individuals must adhere to laws and perform duties while declining to grant individuals rights to limit or reject state interference in their lives. [7] Like fascism, Plato also claimed that an ideal state would have state-run education that was designed to promote able rulers and warriors. [7]
The term "fascism" has been defined in various ways by different authors. Many of the regimes and movements which are described in this article can be considered fascist according to some definitions but they cannot be considered fascist according to other definitions. See definitions of fascism for more information about that subject.
Fascism is a book edited by political theorist Roger Griffin. It was published by Oxford University Press in 1995 as a 410-page paperback. [ 1 ] It is a reader in the Oxford Readers series, which assembles the writings of various authors on the topic of fascism and the far-right .
For The New York Times, Columbia University political science professor Sheri Berman praised Fascism: A Warning: "Democracy's problems can, Albright assures us, be overcome—but only if we recognize history's lessons and never take democracy for granted."
The Bolshevik movement and later the Soviet Union made frequent use of the fascist insult coming from its conflict with the early German and Italian fascist movements. The label was widely used in press and political language to describe the ideological opponents of the Bolsheviks, such as the White movement.
The Anatomy of Fascism is a 2004 book by Robert O. Paxton, published by Alfred A. Knopf. Paxton sought to establish a more concise definition of fascism in an era where people used the term loosely. [ 1 ]