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Esophagectomy is a very complex operation that can take between 4 and 8 hours to perform. It is best done exclusively by doctors who specialise in thoracic surgery or upper gastrointestinal surgery. Anesthesia for an esophagectomy is also complex, owing to the problems with managing the patient's airway and lung function during the operation. [3]
However, many patients experience unpleasant side effects such as headache and swollen feet, and these medications often stop helping after several months. [29] Botulinum toxin (botox) may be injected into the lower esophageal sphincter to paralyze the muscles holding it shut. As in the case of cosmetic botox, the effect is only temporary and ...
The nerve receives close attention from surgeons because the nerve is at risk for injury during neck surgery, especially thyroid and parathyroid surgery; as well as esophagectomy. [20] [4] Nerve damage can be assessed by laryngoscopy, during which a stroboscopic light confirms the absence of movement in the affected side of the vocal cords. The ...
If the cancer has spread to other parts of the body, esophagectomy is nowadays not normally performed. [61] [64] Esophagectomy is the removal of a segment of the esophagus; as this shortens the length of the remaining esophagus, some other segment of the digestive tract is pulled up through the chest cavity and interposed.
Esophagectomy is the surgical removal of all or part of the esophagus. Extrapleural pneumonectomy is the removal of the entire lung along with the pleura , the lung lining and part of the pericardium , the lining of the heart.
Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS) is a surgical procedure in which a portion of the sympathetic nerve trunk in the thoracic region is destroyed. [1] [2] ETS is used to treat excessive sweating in certain parts of the body (focal hyperhidrosis), facial flushing, Raynaud's disease and reflex sympathetic dystrophy.
There are three major classes of dilators: [citation needed] Mercury or tungsten-weighted bougies have blindly inserted bougies placed into the esophagus by the treating physician.
Side effects include bloating, nausea, or a sore throat for one to two days. Complications include pancreatitis, infection of the bile ducts or gallbladder, bleeding, reaction to the anesthesia, and perforation of any structures that the scope or its instruments pass but particularly the duodenum, bile duct, and pancreatic duct.