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[1] [2] It is an expression used in antiquity and by classical historians to refer to a given year in Ancient Rome. In reference to the traditional year of the foundation of Rome, the year 1 BC would be written AUC 753, whereas AD 1 would be AUC 754. The foundation of the Roman Empire in 27 BC would be AUC 727. The current year AD 2025 would be ...
For Hijri years since 1297 AH (1879/1881 CE), the Gregorian date of 1 Muharram, the first day of the year in the Islamic calendar, is given. The first Hijri year (AH 1) was retrospectively considered to have begun on the Julian calendar date 15 July 622 (known as the 'astronomical' or 'Thursday' epoch, Julian day 1,948,439) or 16 July 622 (the ...
The Lunar Hijri calendar ("Islamic calendar") is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 lunar months in a year of 354 or 355 days. [ a ] The astronomer's mean tropical year , which is averaged over equinoxes and solstices, is currently 365.24219 days, slightly shorter than the average length of the calendar year in most calendars.
A calendar date is fully specified by the year (numbered according to a calendar era, in this case Anno Domini or Common Era), the month (identified by name or number), and the day of the month (numbered sequentially starting from 1). Although the calendar year currently runs from 1 January to 31 December, at previous times year numbers were ...
Other calendars have one (or multiple) larger units of time. Calendars that contain one level of cycles: week and weekday – this system (without year, the week number keeps on increasing) is not very common; year and ordinal date within the year, e.g., the ISO 8601 ordinal date system; Calendars with two levels of cycles:
A year zero does not exist in the Anno Domini (AD) calendar year system commonly used to number years in the Gregorian calendar (nor in its predecessor, the Julian calendar); in this system, the year 1 BC is followed directly by year AD 1 (which is the year of the epoch of the era).
Because there is no year zero in the Gregorian calendar, this period is one of two "1-to-9" decade-like timespans that contain only nine years, along with the 0s BC. The Anno Domini (AD) calendar era which numbers these years 1-9 was devised by Dionysius Exiguus in 525, and became widely used in Christian Europe in the 9th century.
AH = 1.030684 × (CE − 621.5643) CE = 0.970229 × AH + 621.5643 or AH = (CE − 622) × 33 ÷ 32 CE = AH × 32 ÷ 33 + 622 Given that the Islamic New Year does not begin January 1 and that a Hijri calendar year is about 11 days shorter than a Gregorian calendar year, [13] [c] there is no direct correspondence between years of the two eras. A ...