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An example of a prototype for a synthetic chemically driven rotary molecular motor was reported by Kelly and co-workers in 1999. [5] Their system is made up from a three-bladed triptycene rotor and a helicene, and is capable of performing a unidirectional 120° rotation. This rotation takes place in five steps.
The single-molecule electric motor is an electrically operated synthetic molecular motor made from a single butyl methyl sulphide molecule. [1] The molecule is adsorbed onto a copper (111) single-crystal piece by chemisorption. [1]
This motor is driven by the flow of protons across a membrane, possibly using a similar mechanism to that found in the F o motor in ATP synthase. Molecular dynamics simulation of a synthetic molecular motor composed of three molecules in a nanopore (outer diameter 6.7 nm) at 250 K. [4] Nucleic acid motors: RNA polymerase transcribes RNA from a ...
A proposed branch of research is the integration of molecular motor proteins found in living cells into molecular motors implanted in artificial devices. Such a motor protein would be able to move a "cargo" within that device, via protein dynamics , similarly to how kinesin moves various molecules along tracks of microtubules inside cells.
The main product of the Fischer–Tropsch process, synthetic crude oil, requires additional refining to produce fuel products such as diesel fuel or gasoline. This refining typically adds additional costs, causing some industry leaders to label the economics of commercial-scale Fischer–Tropsch processes as challenging.
However, a great deal of current experimental work is devoted to synthetic systems such as artificial self-propelled particles. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] [ 10 ] Active matter is a relatively new material classification in soft matter : the most extensively studied model, the Vicsek model , dates from 1995.
Unlike a molecular motor, any mechanical work done due to the motion in a switch is generally undone once the molecule returns to its original state unless it is part of a larger motor-like system. The image on the right shows a hydrazone -based switch that switches in response to pH changes.
JP-10 (Jet Propellant 10) is a synthetic jet fuel, specified and used mainly as fuel in missiles. Being designed for military purposes, it is not a kerosene based fuel. Developed to be a gas turbine fuel for cruise missiles , [ 1 ] it contains mainly exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (exo-THDCPD) with some endo-isomer impurity. [ 2 ]